A new hope for treating the aseptic loosening after jointarthroplasty-mesenchymal stem cells / 医学研究生学报

ABSTRACT

Aseptic loosening is one of the most commonly seen longterm complications after joint arthroplasty. Previous stud-ies have shown that prosthetic wear is one of the major causes of chronic inflammation in tissues surrounding the prosthesis,and that macrophage is the key factor responsible for the interaction between prostheses-derived wear particles and the host. Wear particles acti-vate macrophages and secretion of inflammatory mediators stimulate osteoclastic bone resorption,resulting in reduction of bone mass a-round the prosthesis. However,the balance of bone turnover depends not only on osteoclast-mediated bone resorption but also on osteo-blast-mediated bone formation,both of which are in close cooperation. Osteoblasts are mainly derived from mesenchymal stem cells. A growing body of research shows that wear particles can significantly inhibit the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cell into osteoblasts and subsequent bone formation. However,some characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells enable them one of the main candidates for the treatment of aseptic loosening. We reviewed the current research advances on the aseptic loosening post arthroplasty using mesen-chymal stem cells as target.