The relationship between thyroid ultrasonic parameters of pregnant women and thyroid function / 中华地方病学杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective To investigate the relationship between changes in thyroid ultrasound parameters and thyroid function during pregnancy. Methods With prospective design, from December 2015 to December 2016, healthy women at childbearing age at the Obstetrics Clinic of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University were observed using a self-control method in pre-pregnancy, early pregnancy, mid-pregnancy and late pregnancy. Thyroid ultra-sonography was performed to measure thyroid volume, systolic blood flow velocity (PSV), and resistance index (RI) during the four phases. At the same time, venous blood was drawn at the four stages and electrochemiluminescence immunoassay was performed. Serum free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were examined to analyze the relationship between changes in thyroid ultrasound parameters and thyroid function. Results A total of two hundred and two pregnant women of childbearing age were selected, twenty-two of them were excluded based on inclusion criteria, one hundred and sixty-nine were successfully conceived. Thyroid volume (cm3) was significantly different (F = 4.77, P < 0.01) between pre-pregnancy (8.10 ± 1.41), early pregnancy (11.16 ± 4.07), mid-pregnancy (10.31 ± 2.59), and late pregnancy (9.98 ± 2.02). Among them, there were statistically significant differences (P<0.05) between early pregnancy and mid-pregnancy compared with pre-pregnancy, mid-pregnancy and late pregnancy with early pregnancy. Left and right PSV ( cm/s ) were significantly different (F=2.95, 2.41,P<0.05) between pre-pregnancy (13.63 ± 1.58, 14.12 ± 1.92), early pregnancy (16.12 ± 2.58, 15.93 ± 3.45), mid-pregnancy (14.54 ± 2.86, 14.61 ± 3.23), and late pregnancy (13.23 ± 2.85, 13.54 ± 2.13). Among them, there were statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) between pre-pregnancy and late pregnancy compared with early pregnancy, mid-pregnancy with late pregnancy. The differences between FT3, FT4 and TSH groups were statistically significant (χ2 = 41.46, 25.09, 9.29, P < 0.01 or < 0.05). FT3 (pmol/L) was significantly different (P < 0.05) between pre-pregnancy (3.84) and mid-pregnancy (4.41) and late pregnancy (4.08) compared with early pregnancy (4.85). FT4 (pmol/L) was significantly different (P < 0.05) between early pregnancy (16.08) compared with mid-pregnancy (14.40), pre-pregnancy (13.42) and late pregnancy (12.80), pre-pregnancy compared with mid-pregnancy. TSH (mU/L) was significantly different (P<0.05) between early pregnancy (1.05) compared with pre-pregnancy (1.65) and late pregnancy (1.72). Thyroid volume, PSV and RI changes were not significantly associated with thyroid function FT3, FT4, and TSH (r<0.3, P>0.05). Conclusion Pregnancy can lead to changes in thyroid ultrasound parameters and thyroid function in pregnant women, but there is no correlation between them.