Two cases of febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome with a literature review / 中国医师杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective:To explore the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES).Methods:The clinical data of 2 cases of FIRES admitted to Changde First People′s Hospital from 2020 to 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, and the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment methods and prognosis of the disease were discussed in combination with relevant literature.Results:Two children with FIRES were all acute onset, with fever as the first symptom, and status epilepticus appeared 3 to 5 days later. The efficacy of various antiepileptic drugs was poor. After ketogenic diet treatment, one child recovered well, and another child still had frequent convulsions under ventilator assisted breathing on the 27th day of admission. His family signed to give up the treatment. At the same time, compared with the domestic and foreign literature, the clinical characteristics of the two children are basically the same as those of the reported cases.Conclusions:FIRES is common in healthy children in the past. After seizures, it rapidly progresses to status epilepticus. MRI of the head and cerebrospinal fluid can have no characteristic changes. The effect of routine antiepileptic drugs is not good. Ketogenic diet can improve the condition of children, but the overall prognosis is not good.