Detection and neutralization of B. jararaca venom in mice

RESUMO

1. Bothrops jararaca venom was detected by ELISA at different times in the skin, muscle, blood, liver, lung, heart, kidney and spleen of mice injected with venom im or id. 2. The results showed that even 10 min after im injection the venom is detected mostly in skin rather than in the muscle of the venom injection site. A small amount of venom was detected in the kidney up to 12 h after im venom injection, and none was detected in tissues of lung, heart, liver or spleen. 3. However, in mice injected id, the venom could be detected in the skin up to 24 h after injection. Local necrosis and haemorrhage could be neutralized by antivenom injected by the id or iv routes only if the antivenom was given a short time after venom injection, even when antivenom is adminsitered in high concentration. 4. In contrast, experiments performed in mice receiving venom id and treated by id or iv routes with antivenom injected at different times after envenoming showed that the effect of venom on blood coagulation could be counteracted by antivenom administered by either route up to 2 h after venom injection 5. We suggest that a feasible amount of antivenom administered id could be given as a first aid measure after a snake bite accident. However, further experimental studies using the id route for antivenom administration are essential to confirm this possibility