Vancomycin serum concentrations in pediatric oncologic/hematologic intensive care patients
Braz. j. infect. dis
; Braz. j. infect. dis;16(4): 361-365, July-Aug. 2012. ilus, tab
Article
en En
| LILACS
| ID: lil-645426
Biblioteca responsable:
BR1.1
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Usual treatment regimens with vancomycin often fail to provide adequate serum levels in patients with severe infections.METHODS:
Retrospective analysis of vancomycin trough serum measurements. The following parameters were calculated by Bayesiananalysis:
vancomycin clearance, distribution volume, and peak estimated concentrations. The area under the concentration curve (AUC) (total daily dose/24 h clearance of vancomycin) was used to determine the effectiveness of treatment through the ratio of AUC/minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) above 400, using MIC = 1 µg/mL, based on isolates of Staphylococci in cultures.RESULTS:
Sixty-one vancomycin trough measurements were analyzed in 31 patients. AUC/MIC > 400 was obtained in 34 out of 61 dosages (55.7%), but the mean vancomycin dose required to achieve these levels was 81 mg/kg/day. In cases where the usual doses were administered (40-60 mg/kg/day), AUC/MIC > 400 was obtained in nine out of 18 dosages (50%), in 13 patients. Trough serum concentrations above 15 mg/L presented a positive predictive value of 100% and a negative predictive value of 71% for AUC/MIC > 400.CONCLUSION:
Higher than usual vancomycin doses may be required to treat staphylococcal infections in children with oncologic/hematologic diseases. Since the best known predictor of efficacy is the AUC/MIC ratio, serum trough concentrations must be analyzed in conjunction with MICs of prevalent Staphylococci and pharmacokinetic tools such as Bayesian analysis.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
LILACS
Asunto principal:
Infecciones Estafilocócicas
/
Staphylococcus
/
Vancomicina
/
Antibacterianos
/
Neoplasias
Tipo de estudio:
Observational_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Límite:
Adolescent
/
Child
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Child, preschool
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Female
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Humans
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Infant
/
Male
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Braz. j. infect. dis
Asunto de la revista:
DOENCAS TRANSMISSIVEIS
Año:
2012
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Brasil
Pais de publicación:
Brasil