[Right endocarditis in disseminated aspergillosis]. / Endocardite droite au cours d'une aspergillose disséminée.

A 53 year old man with an anaplastic bronchial carcinoma was hospitalised for septic shock and acute respiratory distress after a cutaneous, probably staphylococcal infection, and died in spite of anti-staphylococcal antibiotherapy. The autopsy showed pulmonary, cardiac, cerebral and renal aspergillosis. A right heart aspergillous endocarditis, very rare in this pathology, was also discovered but there were no cardiac valves lesions. The patient was in an "immunodepressed" state as usually observed in pulmonary aspergillosis. The endocardial localisation of aspergillosis and the "pseudo-miliary" appearances of the pulmonary lesion indicated an extra-pulmonary portal of entry, cutaneous or intravenous which is unusual in this pathology. This hypothesis is supported by previous reports of pulmonary aspergillosis where right heart endocarditis is exceptionally rare and by aspergillous left heart endocarditis after open heart surgery where pulmonary aspergillosis is absent.