Sparassis latifolia polysaccharides inhibit colon cancer in mice by modulating gut microbiota and metabolism.

Sparassis latifolia polysaccharides (SLPs) can regulate inflammatory cytokines. However, little is known about the regulation mechanism of SLPs on colon cancer. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of SLPs on metabolism in mice with colon cancer. The results showed that SLPs could improve the colon morphology and physiological indices, and inhibit the infiltration of immune cells in colon. Moreover, it could improve metabolism disorder of colon cancer via reducing the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, NF-κB, COX-2 and IL-1ß mRNA or protein, increasing IκB mRNA or protein expression. In addition, it could comprehensively regulate the colon cancer related metabolism by changing the abundance of key intestinal flora and 35 metabolites including phosphatidylcholine, tryptophan and tetrahydrobiopterin. Some biomarkers associated with colon cancer metabolism were related significantly with the abundance of specific intestinal flora. These findings indicate that SLPs can attenuate metabolism disorder of colon cancer by modulating gut microbiota and metabolites.