Human cytomegalovirus-viruria in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients: Context and impact.

BACKGROUND: Episodes of CMV-viruria have been reported in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients, but their context of occurrence, pathophysiology, and clinical significance remain misunderstood. METHODS: Uurine samples from 517 recipients were collected. Clinical features of recipients with or without episodes of CMV-viruria were retrospectively compared. RESULTS: CMV-viruria was detected in 15.5 % of cases. Age, sex, type of transplantation, HLA-matching, conditioning regimen, and immunosuppressive therapies did not differ between patients with and without CMV-viruria. CMV-seropositive status (R + ) was more frequent among CMV-viruric recipients. Cumulated mortality did not differ between the two groups but graft-versus-host diseases occurred more frequently among CMV-viruric patients (p = 0.04). No reduction of the estimated glomerular filtration rates was observed in CMV-viruric recipients. CONCLUSIONS: CMV-viruria primarily occurs in CMV-seropositive recipients and is not related to the degree of immunosuppression. We suggest that CMV-viruria is primarily related to the inability of the graft immune system to contain CMV-replication in R + patients. CMV-viruria is not associated with increased mortality or renal dysfunction.