Amphetamine-type Stimulants: Novel Insights into their Actions and use Patterns.
Rev Invest Clin
; 75(3): 143-157, 2023.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-37441770
This review focuses on the effects and mechanisms of action of amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS) and their adverse effects on the cardiovascular, nervous, and immune systems. ATS include amphetamine (AMPH), methamphetamine (METH, "crystalmeth," or "ice"), methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, "ecstasy," or "Molly"), MDMA derivatives (e.g., methylenedioxyamphetamine [MDA] and methylenedioxy-N-ethylamphetamine [MDEA]), khat, and synthetic cathinones. The first section of this paper presents an overview of the historical aspects of ATS use, their initial clinical use, and regulations. The second part reviews the acute and chronic impact and the most salient clinical effects of ATS on the central nervous and cardiovascular systems, skin, and mouth. The chemical structure, pharmacokinetics, and classic and non-canonical pharmacological actions are covered in the third section, briefly explaining the mechanisms involved. In addition, the interactions of ATS with the central and peripheral immune systems are reviewed. The last section presents data about the syndemic of ATS and opioid use in the North American region, focusing on the increasing adulteration of METH with fentanyl.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
N-Metil-3,4-metilenodioxianfetamina
/
Estimulantes del Sistema Nervioso Central
/
Metanfetamina
/
3,4-Metilenodioxianfetamina
Límite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Rev Invest Clin
Asunto de la revista:
MEDICINA
Año:
2023
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
México
Pais de publicación:
México