Role of PIGM and PIGX in glycosylphosphatidylinositol biosynthesis and human health (Review).
Biomed Rep
; 20(4): 57, 2024 Apr.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38414627
ABSTRACT
Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-glycan (GPI) is an anchor to specific cell surface proteins known as GPI-anchored proteins (APs) that are localized in lipid rafts and may act as cell co-receptors, enzymes and adhesion molecules. The present review investigated the significance of GPI biosynthesis class phosphatidylinositol-glycan (PIG)M and PIGX in GPI synthesis and their implications in human health conditions. PIGM encodes GPI-mannosyltransferase I (MT-I) enzyme that adds the first mannose to the GPI core structure. PIGX encodes the regulatory subunit of GPI-MT-I. The present review summarizes characteristics of the coding sequences of PIGM and PIGX, and their expression in humans, as well as the relevance of GPI-MT-I and the regulatory subunit in maintaining the presence of GPI-APs on the cell surface and their secretion. In addition, the association of PIGM mutations with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria and certain types of GPI-deficiency disease and the altered expression of PIGM and PIGX in cancer were also reviewed. In addition, their interaction with other proteins was described, suggesting a complex role in cell biology. PIGM and PIGX are critical genes for GPI synthesis. Understanding gene and protein regulation may provide valuable insights into the role of GPI-APs in cellular processes.
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Biomed Rep
Año:
2024
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
México
Pais de publicación:
Reino Unido