Integrative deep learning with prior assisted feature selection.

ABSTRACT

Integrative analysis has emerged as a prominent tool in biomedical research, offering a solution to the "small n $$ n $$ and large p $$ p $$ " challenge. Leveraging the powerful capabilities of deep learning in extracting complex relationship between genes and diseases, our objective in this study is to incorporate deep learning into the framework of integrative analysis. Recognizing the redundancy within candidate features, we introduce a dedicated feature selection layer in the proposed integrative deep learning method. To further improve the performance of feature selection, the rich previous researches are utilized by an ensemble learning method to identify "prior information". This leads to the proposed prior assisted integrative deep learning (PANDA) method. We demonstrate the superiority of the PANDA method through a series of simulation studies, showing its clear advantages over competing approaches in both feature selection and outcome prediction. Finally, a skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) dataset is extensively analyzed by the PANDA method to show its practical application.