In-vitro cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory potential of Asparagus densiflorus meyeri and its phytochemical investigation.

ABSTRACT

Genus Asparagus is well known for its pharmacological activities and ethnopharmacological applications.  In folk medicine, it is used in the management of several diseases such as diabetes, inflammations, and rheumatism. This work aimed to investigate the potential of Asparagus densiflorus meyeri root & aerial parts extracts as cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory and the investigation of their chemical profile. GC analysis & Folin-Ciocalteu and gravimetric methods were used respectively to estimate the lipoidal, phenolic, and saponin contents. MTT assay was conducted using two cell lines (MCF-7 & HepG2) to investigate the cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory activity using TNF-α stimulated MCF-7 cells through monitoring the level of nitric oxide release and NF-κB gene expression. Preliminary phytochemical investigation indicated that both extracted parts are equally rich in saponins, flavonoids, carbohydrates and/or glycosides, and sterols and/or triterpenes. Palmitic acid and ß sitosterol represented the major saturated fatty acids and sterol, respectively. A significant cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 cells was recorded for DCM extract (IC50 26.13 µg/ml). All tested extracts showed a significant decrease in NO release and NF-κB gene expression thus it possesses a potential anti-inflammatory activity. A. densiflorus meyeri is considered a good candidate as a food supplement for protection from malignancy.