Advances in immunotoxin engineering: precision therapeutic strategies in modern oncology.
Med Oncol
; 41(10): 239, 2024 Sep 04.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-39230639
ABSTRACT
Immunotoxins (ITs) are specialized therapeutic agents designed for targeted treatment, particularly in cancer therapy. They consist of a monoclonal antibody or antibody fragment linked to a potent cytotoxic agent, such as bacterial- or plant-derived toxins like diphtheria toxin, ricin, or pseudomonas exotoxin. The monoclonal antibody component specifically binds to antigens expressed on the surface of target cells, facilitating the internalization of the IT. Once inside the cell, the cytotoxic agent is released, disrupting essential cellular processes and leading to cell death. This targeted approach minimizes damage to healthy tissues while effectively eliminating diseased cells. The production of ITs involves two primary methods:
recombinant fusion and chemical conjugation. In recombinant fusion, genetic engineering is used to create a fusion protein that combines the antibody and toxin, ensuring precise control over their ratio and functionality. In chemical conjugation, pre-existing antibodies are chemically linked to toxins, allowing for greater flexibility in combining different antibodies and cytotoxic agents. Each method has its advantages and challenges, influencing the specificity, production complexity, and therapeutic potential of the resulting ITs. As research advances, ITs continue to show promise not only in oncology but also in treating other diseases, including inflammatory conditions and atherosclerosis. The precise targeting and potent effects of ITs make them a valuable tool in the development of new therapeutic strategies.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Inmunotoxinas
/
Neoplasias
Límite:
Animals
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Med Oncol
Asunto de la revista:
NEOPLASIAS
Año:
2024
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Irán
Pais de publicación:
Estados Unidos