Preliminary screening of different permeation enhancers in transcutaneous immunization with inactivated human highly pathogenic avian influenza vaccine / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective To screen the potent permeation enhancers used in transcutaneous immunization with inactivated highly pathogenic avian influenza vaccine. Methods Five different permeation enhancers, ethanol, propylene glycol, dimethyl sulfoxide, ratinoic acid, oleic acid, were used to treat the skin of BALB/c mice before transcutaneous immunization. Sera were collected before the flist transcutaneous immunization and every two weeks post immunization. The titers of influenza virus-specific humoral IgG and IgA were assayed in serum, lung and nasal lavages by ELISA. The titers of hemagglutination inhibition ( HAI), IFN-γand IL-4 produced by splenic lymphocytes were also detected. Except that, clinical symptom of the skin in different time points and skin pathological changes were observed. Results The serum IgG titers, HAI titers and the influenza virus-specific lgA and IgG in lung and nasal lavages in the groups of HA +CT + DMSO, HA + CT + RA and HA + CT + OA were significantly higher than those of HA and HA + CT groups( P ＜0.05). Moreover, the numbers of splenic lymphocytes producing IFN-γ and IL-4 were increased in the above three groups than those in control groups. In addition, no evident clinical symptoms were observed, but stratum corneum of the skin in different groups showed different changes. Conclusion DMSO,RA and OA are potent permeation enhancers in mouse model inoculated with inactivated high pathogenic avian influenza vaccine transcutaneously.