The Profile of Non-Communicable Disease in Patients Admitted into the Children's Medical Ward of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital

ABSTRACT

Background: The prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCD) is increasing in recent years in low income countries in sub-Saharan Africa because of changing disease patterns following socioeconomic development. Nevertheless; communicable diseases (CD) still remain the predominant health problem. At present; non-communicable diseases are not a high priority in sub-Saharan Africa but the probability of death from a NCD is higher in sub-Saharan Africa than in the developed world. It is therefore important to know the existing disease burden due to NCD with a view to alerting policy makers and health workers of the trend of disease in our environment. Objectives: To determine the pattern of admission of paediatric patients seen at the children's ward of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH) and ascertain the pattern of non communi- cable diseases. Methods: The study was retrospective and involved analysis of data from the admission records of the children's wards of the UPTH from February 2004-November 2005. Patients with non-communicable diseases were analysed for this study. Results: A total of two thousand four hundred and fourteen (2414) children were admitted during the period of study. Out of these; 479 (19.8) had non-communicable diseases consisting of 279 (58.2) males and 200 (41.8) females with a male female ratio of 1.41. The top five non-communicable diseases were sickle cell disease (SCD) (17.1); malignancies (14.8); renal diseases (12.9); tetanus (10.2) and malnutrition (10.0). Conclusion: This study suggests a concomitant rise in NCD with four of them being among the top 10 disease burden when combined with communicable diseases. This poses a risk of a 'double burden' of disease which we cannot afford in our country which is fraught with poor government policies; poverty and poor funding of the health sector. Effective strategies are needed to control the risk factors for NCD