Clinical relevance of oxidative stress biomarkers in cardiovascular prevention / Relevância clínica de biomarcadores de estresse oxidativo na prevenção cardiovascular

ABSTRACT

Cardiovascular diseases involve hyperlipidemia, inflammation and oxidative stress. Although this relationship is well established, only biomarkers associated with hyperlipidemia and inflammation are currently in clinical practice for diagnosis and evaluation of patient treatment. Our hypothesis is that oxidative stress biomarkers may be an independent risk factor and may assist in cardiovascular risk stratification and contribute to improving current scores. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate which are the biomarkers and methodologies were used in clinical studies in humans with different health conditions. With the results obtained in the first part, we selected studies conducted in healthy individuals and in individuals under primary and secondary cardiovascular prevention in order to evaluate the most frequent biomarkers, the results obtained according to the individual's profile and the methodology used, and correlate with different health conditions. We observed that malondialdehyde (MDA) was the most frequent lipid biomarker of oxidative stress applied in the studies, but it presented significant variability in the results and a weak correlation with clinical outcomes. The result of this study demonstrates the importance of carrying out a multicentric study to validate the MDA values in individuals with different health conditions and the standardization of the methodology based on high performance liquid chromatographyy (HPLC)