Estudos sobre a vegetação das campinas amazônicas. V-Brioecologia de uma campina amazônica ()

ABSTRACT

Summary A list of the species of bryophytes present in an Amazonian Campina is presented. This habitat is one where the soil is acknowledgde as poor in nutrients, and where in certain areas the light intensity is very great. Both air and soil temperatures are also elevated in some periods of the year air 38°C and soil 42.3°C according to Ribeiro & Santos, 1975. The influence of these two factors, light and temperature, on the bryophyte community is determined. The results of the studies made show that the bryophytes are restricted by high temperatures and high light intensity. A total of 34 different species of bryophytes were found in the Campina, belonging to 5 different families of mosses Calymperaceae, Leucobryaceae. Leucodontaceae, Plagiotheciaceae, Sematophyllaceae, and seven families of hepatics Frulloniaceae, Lepidoziaceae, Lejeuneaceae. Odontoschismaceae, Plagiochilaceae, Radulaceae e Zoopsidaceae. The most frequently occuring species was Frullania nodulosa (Reinw, Blume & Neer,) Nees. Its frequency can be explained by its ecological amplitude. Some of the other species which occured, less frequently than Frullania nodulosa, are as follows Octoblepharum cylindricum Mont., Euosmolejeunea sp., Syrrhopodon helicophyllus Mitt., Octoblepharum stramineum Mitt., Sematophyllum subsimplex (Hedw.) Mitt., Radula sp., Pycnolejeunea macroloba (Mont.) Schiffn. Ceratolejeunea cornuta (Lindenb.) Steph., Bazzania pallide-virens (Steph.) Ful., Syrrhopodon parasiticus (Brid.) Besch. var. disciformis (C. Mull.) Florsch., Archilejeunea sp. ?, Euosmolejeunea aff. suaveolens Spruce and Odontoschisma denudatum (Nees) Dumort. The bark of the trees of Aldina heterophylla Spr. ex Benth., were found to be the preferred substrate, as they were old trees with thick bark, and they offered good conditions for the development of the bryophytes.

RESUMO

Resumo Levantamento das espécies de briófitas que vivem numa campina amazônica, local onde o solo é reportado como pobre em nutrientes e com pH variando de 4 a mais ou menos 6. Apresenta áreas abertas onde a luz é bem intensa e a temperatura do ar chega a ser muito alta em determinados períodos. Deste modo pôde-se determinar a influência da luz e da temperatura sobre os briófitas. No total foram encontradas 34 espécies diferentes, pertencendo a cinco famílias de musgos (Calymperaceae, Leucobryaceae, Leucodontaceae, Plagiotheciaceae o Sematophyllaceae) e sete famílias de hepáticas (Prullaniaceae, Lepidoziaceae, Lejeuneaceae, Odontoschismaceae, Plagiochilaceae, Radulaceae e Zoopsidaceae). A espécie mais freqüente da campina foi Frullania nodulosa (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Ness, o que se explica pela sua grande amplitude ecológica.