Treatment Outcome Based on GOSLON Score of Multiple Factors in Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Children of Four Different Ethnic

ABSTRACT

Objective: To evaluate and compare the effect of each congenital and postnatal treatment factors in treatment outcome based on dental arch relationship (DAR) of four different populations at a time using GOSLON yardstick. Material and Methods: 432 unilateral cleft lip and palate subjects (Japanese, Malay ethnic group, Bangladeshi and Pakistani populations) age 5 to 12 years were taken before orthodontic treatment and alveolar bone grafting. The DAR was assessed by GOSLON Yardstick. Independent t-test was performed to compare the GOSLON score for each factors. A multiple comparison (Anova) was also conducted between the GOSLON score of four different populations. The significance level was set at p<0.05. Results: Statistically no significant different was found among the congenital factors. However, the family history of Class III malocclusion showed most likely to associate with, though there was no significant difference (p=0.069). Significant difference revealed between two techniques of cheiloplasty in both Malay ethnic group and Pakistani population (p=0.038 and p=0.000, respectively). Gender and Techniques of palatoplasty also showed significant difference in Pakistani population (p=0.026 and p=0.000, respectively). Japanese and Bangladeshi population showed no significant differences. Also no significant differences found between the GOSLON score and different countries. Conclusion: The treatment outcome based on DAR significantly varies in individual population [Malay ethnic group (cheiloplasty); Pakistan (gender, cheiloplasty and palatoplasty)].