Factores de riesgo asociados a la trombosis venosa profunda en niños / Risk factors associated with deep vein thrombosis in children

RESUMEN

El tromboembolismo venoso o enfermedad tromboembólica venosa actualmente constituye un problema de salud incipiente y complejo sin suficiente percepción del mismo. Serealizó este estudio con el objetivo de identificar los factores de riesgos para trombosis venosa profunda en niños que ingresaron en el Hospital Pediátrico Eduardo Agramonte Piña, en el periodo enero 2017 a mayo 2018. Se realizó un estudio observacional, retro-prospectivo y longitudinal; diseño no experimental. El universo estuvo integrado por todos los niños/as ingresados a los que se les diagnosticó trombosis venosa profunda. Se determinaron variables demográficas, antropométricas y clínicas. La trombosis venosa profunda en niños ingresados en el Hospital Pediátrico Eduardo Agramonte Piña es una condición clínica multifactorial, involucrando factores de riesgo adquiridos, como la presencia de catéteres venosos centrales y condiciones relacionadas el paciente. La mayor tendencia semanifiesta en la primera infancia (neonato-lactante) prevaleciendo el sexo masculino. Para resolver la no aparición de trombosis venosa en niños se requiere crear una comisión multidisciplinar de Enfermedades Trombo-embolicas donde se realicen informes y normativas sobre diagnóstico y tratamiento de los procesos tromboticos en edades pediátricas y aplicar el modelo clínico para determinar la probabilidad de trombosis venosa profunda (score de Wells)(AU)

ABSTRACT

Venous thromboembolism or venous thromboembolic disease currently constitutes an incipient and complex health problem without sufficient perception of it. This study was conducted with the objective of identifying the risk factors for deep vein thrombosis in children admitted to the Eduardo Agramonte Piña Pediatric Hospital, from January 2017 to May 2018. An observational, retro-prospective and longitudinal study was carried out; non-experimental design The universe was made up of all the children admitted to whom they were diagnosed with deep vein thrombosis. Demographic, anthropometric and clinical variables were determined. Deep vein thrombosis in children admitted to Eduardo Agramonte Piña Pediatric Hospital is a multifactorial clinical condition, involving acquired risk factors, such as the presence of central venous catheters and related patient conditions. The greatest tendency is manifested in early childhood (neonatal-infant) with the male sex prevailing. In order to resolve the non-occurrence of venous thrombosis in children, it is necessary to create a multidisciplinary commission of Thrombo-embolic Diseases where reports and regulations are made on diagnosis and treatment of thrombotic processes in pediatric ages and apply the clinical model to determine the probability of venous thrombosis deep (Wells score)