Revisión sistemática de las medidas de calidad de vida en cuidados paliativos en España / No disponible

RESUMEN

Objetivo: identificar qué medidas de calidad de vida multidimensionales se emplean con los pacientes paliativos en España, en qué grado se adecuan conceptual y técnicamente y si reúnen 105 estándares adecuados de fiabilidad, validez y responsividad. Método: revisión sistemática de instrumentos de medida. Se realizaron búsquedas electrónicas utilizando 3 términos de búsqueda: cuidados paliativos (palliative care), medidas multidimensionales de calidad de vida (quality of life y atributos de calidad de los instrumentos de medida (psychometrics), en bases de datos nacionales (lME e ISOC) e internacionales (MEDLlNE. CINAHL, PsyInfo y EMBASE) en el periodo 1997-2007. También se llevaron a cabo búsquedas manuales y rastreo de referencias. Resultados: se han encontrado 18 estudios empíricos relativos a 5 instrumentos multidimensionales: el European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer. Quality of Life Questionnaire of Cancer 30, el Rotterdam Sympton Checklist, el Quality for Life-Cancer-Antonio Font Experimental, el Palliative Care Outcome Scale y el Hebrew Rehabilitation Centre for Aged Quality of Life Index, así como dos escalas de tipo modular: el Quality of Life Questionnaire Colorectal38 y el Quality of Life Questionnaire of Head & Neck 35. Las evidencias obtenidas con cada uno de ellos no superan los estándares mínimos recomendados para las medidas de resultados de salud basadas en el paciente. Conclusiones: el Palliative Care Outcome Scale (POS) es el instrumento que aparece con una mejor valoración global: su adecuación conceptual y aplicabilidad son adecuadas pero no reúne los estándares psicométricos (AU)

ABSTRACT

Objective: to identify which multidimensional measures for quality of life are used on palliative patients in Spain, which is their degree of conceptual and technical adequacy, and if they meet the appropriate standards of reliability, validity and responsiveness. Method: a systematic review of measuring instruments. Electronic searches were carried out with three terms: palliative care, multidimensional measures of quality of life, and quality attributes of measures (psychometrics) both in Spanish (IME and ISOC) and international databases (MEDLlNE, CINAHL, Psyclnfo and EMBASE). Manual searches and reference searches were also conducted. Results: eighteen empirical articles were found relating to 5 multidimensional measures: the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer. Quality of Life Questionnaire of Cancer 30, the Rotterdam Sympton Checklist, the Quality for Life-Cancer-Antonio Font Experimental, the Palliative Care Outcome Scale, and the Hebrew Rehabilitation Centre for Aged Quality of Life Index, as well as two modular scales: the Quality of Life Questionnaire-Colorectal 38 and the Quality of Life Questionnaire of Head & Neck 35. The obtained evidences with each of them did not meet the minimum recommended standards for patient-based health outcome measures. Conclusions: the Palliative Care Outcome Scale (POS) is the measurement with the best overall evaluation: its conceptual adequacy and feasibility are good but it does not attain recommended psychometric standards (AU)