Efectos adversos inducidos por gadopentotato dimeglumina en resonancia magnética / Adverse reactions induced by gadopentatate dimeglumine in magnetic resonance imaging

RESUMEN

Fundamento y objetivos: Se considera que las sales de gadolinio utilizadas como medio de contraste en los estudios de resonancia magnética (RM) presentan un índice de reacciones adversas inferior a los medios de contraste yodado. El objetivo principal de este estudio es determinar la frecuencia e intensidad de las reacciones adversas relacionadas con la administración de gadopentotato dimeglumina (Gd-DTPA) y compararla con la tasa de reacciones adversas inducidas por los medios de contaste yodado. Material y métodos: Durante el periodo comprendido entre el 1 de enero de 2005 hasta el 30 de junio del 2006 se recogieron los efectos adversos de todos los estudios mediante RM en los que se aplicó contraste de Gd-DTPA, programados o urgentes, realizados en 11 Centros de Diagnostico por la Imagen Eresa situados en las provincias de Castellón y de Valencia. En dicho período se recogieron también los efectos adversos inducidos por las sales de yodo. Resultados: Se realizaron un total de 54.909 estudios con resonancia magnética en los diferentes centros de estudio, y 12.791 estudios con MCI. El total de reacciones adversas observado fue de 62 (0,11%) y 47 (0,36%) respectivamente. El perfil de reacciones adversas con ambos medios de contraste fue similar, excepto en las reacciones moderadas donde objetivamos un mayor porcentaje de edema palpebral y disnea con la utilización de MCI que con Gd-DTPA. No se objetivó ningún caso de anafilaxia ni exitus. Conclusiones: Los datos aportados por esta serie avalan un perfil de seguridad del Gadolinio superior al de los MCI

ABSTRACT

Background and objectives: It is considered that the Gadoliniumsalts used as a contrast medium in the Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) studies present an index of adverse reactions below the iodine contrast mediums. The main objective of this study is to determine, in our medium, the frequency and intensity of the adverse reactions related to the administration of Gadopentotate Dimeglumine (Gd-DTPA) and compareit with the rate of adverse reactions induced by the iodine contrast mediums. Material and methods: During the period comprised between 1st of January 2005 and 30th of June 2006, the adverse affects were collected for all the studies by means of MRI in which the Gd-DTPA contrast was applied, programmed or urgent, performed in Eresa Diagnosis Centres by Image located ( 11 centre in total) in the provinces of Castellón and Valencia. The adverse effects induced by the iodine salts were also collected in this period. Results: A total of 54,909 studies with magnetic resonance were performedin the refered study centres, and 12,791 studies with MCI. The total of adverse reactions observed was 62 (0.11%) and 47 (0.36%) respectively.The profile of adverse reactions with both contrast mediums was similar, except in the moderate reactions where we objectively observed a greater percentage of palpebral edema and dyspnea with theusage of MCI than with Gd-DTPA. No cases of anaphylaxia or exitus were observed. Conclusions: The data contributed by this series support a safety profile of Gadolinium superior to that of the MCI in line with the results shown by extensive published series