Neoválvula pulmonar en la corrección del Fallot con parche transanular / Use of a pulmonary neovalve with a transannular patch for repair of tetralogy of Fallot

RESUMEN

Introducción y objetivos. Presentamos nuestra experiencia inicial en la implantación de válvula pulmonar según técnica de Nunn, asociada al parche transanular, en la corrección completa de la tetralogía de Fallot. Métodos. Se intervino a 21 pacientes entre septiembre de 2008 y febrero de 2010. Intervalo de edad, 7 meses- 15 años (mediana, 12 meses). Peso de 6,8-44 kg (mediana, 10 kg). Cuatro pacientes presentaban fístula paliativa; en dos se asociaba el diagnóstico de canal completo. El parche transanular (pericardio autólogo curtido) se acompañó de implantación previa de válvula monocúspide de PTFE de 0,1 mm de grosor, mediante fijación posterior. Se realizó ecografia transesofágica, presiones intraoperatorias y ecografía antes del alta. Resultados. No hubo mortalidad. Un paciente presentó CIV residual que precisó reintervención. Por ecografía, el gradiente máximo atribuible a la válvula de PTFE es de 25 mmHg, y la insuficiencia es ligera en 19 casos y moderada en 2 (primero y segundo de la serie). Conclusiones. Los resultados iniciales del parche transanular con válvula monocúspide modificada en reconstrucción del tracto de salida de Fallot son prometedores (regurgitación ligera, gradiente escaso). Es preciso un seguimiento a medio-largo plazo para confirmar estos resultados y compararlos con otras técnicas (AU)

ABSTRACT

Introduction and objectives. To report on our initial experience with the implantation of a pulmonary valve using Nunn’s technique in association with a transannular patch for the complete repair of the tetralogy of Fallot. Methods. In total, 21 patients were treated between September 2008 and February 2010. Their ages ranged from 7 months to 15 years (median 12 months) and weights from 6.8 kg to 44 kg (median 10 kg). Four patients had previously undergone palliative shunt placement; in two, it was associated with the diagnosis of a complete atrioventricular septal defect. Use of the transannular patch (treated autologous pericardium) was preceded by implantation of a 0.1-mm polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) monocusp valve using posterior fixation. Intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography and pressure gradient measurement were carried out, and echocardiography was repeated before discharge. Results. No deaths were recorded. One patient had a residual ventricular septal defect that required reintervention. Echocardiography showed that the maximum gradient across the PTFE valve was 25 mmHg. Regurgitation was mild in 19 cases and moderate in 2 (the first and second in the series). Conclusions. Initial results using a transannular patch with a modified monocusp valve to repair the outflow tract in the tetralogy of Fallot were promising there was only a slight pressure gradient and mild regurgitation. A mediumor long-term follow-up study is required to confirm these findings and to compare them with results obtained using other techniques (AU)