Comparación de susceptibilidad de especies de shigella a antimicrobianos de uso habitual en el Hospital Regional de Temuco, Chile 1990-2001 / Shigella species susceptibility to commonly used antimicrobials in the Temuco Regional Hospital, Chile 1990-2001

RESUMO

Background: The permanent surveillance of antimicrobial susceptibility of Shigella sp in the Temuco Regional Hospital, allowed us to define the empirical use of antimicrobials in dysenteric syndrome. Aim: To study antimicrobial susceptibility of Shigella strains collected from 1997 to May 2001 and compare the results with those reported in 1990. Material and methods: Two hundred and seventeen Shigella strains, coming from stool cultures of pediatric patients, were studied. Results: In the period 1989-1990 Shigella flexneri was the main species isolated (83 percent) whereas, in the period 1997-2001, Shigella sonnei (55.8 percent) predominated. In the second period, an increase of antimicrobial resistance, as compared with the period 1989-1990, was observed for ampicillin (74.5 and 42 percent respectively), for cotrimoxazol (57.5 and 45 percent respectively) and tetracycline (64 and 8 percent respectively). Chloramphenicol resistance increased from 0 to 57.5 percent. In the second period no resistance to ciprofloxacin was detected. There was simultaneous resistance to four drugs in 30 percent of the strains, predominating multiresistance in S flexneri (52.1 percent). Conclusions: In the two periods studied, a significant increase was detected in the resistance of Shigella strains to antimicrobials