Insuficiencia renal aguda / Acute renal failure

RESUMO

Acute renal failure (ARF)is a clinic syndrome characterized by decline in renal function ocurring over a short time period. Is a relatively common complication in hospitalized critically ill patients and is associated with high morbility and mortality. ARF has often a multi-factorial etiology syndrome usually approached diagnostically as pre-renal, post-renal, or intrinsic ARF. Most intrinsic ARF is caused by ischemia or nephrotoxins and is classically associated with severity of ARF, age more than 60 years old and presence of pulmonar and cardiovascular complications. Most patients who survive an episode of ARF recover sufficient renal function; however, 50 per cent have subclinical functional defects in renal function; however, 50 per cent have subclinical functional defects in renal function or scarring or renal biopsy. ARF is irreversible in approximately 5 per cent of patients, usually as a consequence of complete cortical necrosis.