Recuperación motora y funcional en pacientes con afasia secundaria a un ictus / Motor and functional recovery in patients with aphasia secondary to stroke

RESUMEN

Introducción: se realizó un estudio observacional y prospectivo. Objetivo: evaluar la recuperación motora y funcional en pacientes con afasia secundaria a un ictus, incorporados al Programa de Restauración Neurológica del Centro Internacional de Restauración Neurológica. Métodos: se estudiaron 132 pacientes durante los años 2007-2012, en tratamiento durante 4 sem. Se agruparon según la presencia o no de afasia. Se compararon ambos grupos, según la recuperación motora y funcional, mediante la Escala Escandinava del Ictus y el índice de Barthel, respectivamente. Resultados: los grupos estudiados no presentaron diferencias significativas en cuanto a edad, sexo, condición motora y funcional inicial, tiempo de evolución y factores de riesgo vascular. La recuperación motora resultó significativa en ambos grupos (p=0,00), aunque el porcentaje de recuperación motora resultó superior en los pacientes con ictus no afásicos. La recuperación funcional resultó significativa en ambos grupos (p=0,00), existió una recuperación cualitativamente superior en el ictus no afásico donde se identificó una mejora en las habilidades manipulativas (p=0,00), que no resultó significativa en el ictus con afasia. Conclusión: ambos grupos se beneficiaron con el tratamiento aplicado, sin embargo, los pacientes afásicos experimentaron menor recuperación motora y funcional, en comparación con los pacientes no afásicos

ABSTRACT

Introduction: an observational and prospective study was carried out. Objective: to evaluate motor and functional recovery in patients with aphasia secondary to a stroke, who were included in the Neurological Restoration Program of International Center of Neurological Restoration. Methods: 132 patients were studied from 2007 to 2012; they were in treatment during 4 weeks and they were grouped according to the presence or absence of aphasia. Comparisons between both groups were carried out according to their motor and functional recovery by using Scandinavian Stroke Scale and Barthel Index respectively. Results: significant differences were not found in the studied groups concerning age, sex, motor and functional initial conditions, evolution time and vascular risk factors. Motor recovery was significant in both groups (p=0,00), although motor recovery percent was higher in the patients with non aphasic stroke. Functional recovery was significant in both groups (p=0,00), a higher quality recovery was seen in non aphasic stroke patients, and improvement was identified in hand abilities (p=0,00) which was not significant in stroke with aphasia. Conclusion: both groups were benefitted with the applied treatment, however, the aphasic patients experienced a lower motor and functional recovery, in comparison with the non aphasic patients