6-ECDCA, 6α-ethyl-chenodeoxycholic acid; AF2, activation domain; ANGTPL3, angiopoietin-like protein 3; AOM, azoxymethane; AP-1, activator protein-1; ASBT, apical sodium-dependent bile salt transporter; Apo, apolipoprotein; BAAT, bile acid-CoA amino acid N-acetyltransferase; BACS, bile acid-CoA synthetase; BAs, bile acids; BMI, body mass index; BSEP, bile salt export pump; Bile acids; CA, cholic acid; CD, Crohn׳s disease; CDCA, chenodeoxycholic acid; CREB, cAMP regulatory element-binding protein; CYP7A1, cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase; Colorectal cancer; DBD, DNA binding domain; DCA, deoxycholic acid; DSS, dextrane sodium sulfate; ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase; FABP6, fatty acid-binding protein subclass 6; FFAs, free fatty acids; FGF19, fibroblast growth factor 19; FGFR4, fibroblast growth factor receptor 4; FXR, farnesoid X receptor; FXRE, farnesoid X receptor response element; Farnesoid X receptor; G6Pase, glucose-6-phosphatase; GLP-1, glucagon-like peptide 1; GLUT2, glucose transporter type 2; GPBAR, G protein-coupled BA receptor; GPCRs, G protein-coupled receptors; GSK3, glycogen synthase kinase 3; Gastrointestinal tract; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; HNF4α, hepatic nuclear factor 4α; I-BABP, intestinal bile acid-binding protein; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; IL-1, interleukin 1; Inflammatory bowel disease; KLF11, Krüppel-like factor 11; KRAS, Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog; LBD, ligand binding domain; LCA, lithocholic acid; LPL, lipoprotein lipase; LRH-1, liver receptor homolog-1; MCA, muricholicacid; MRP2, multidrug resistance-associated protein 2; NF-κB, nuclear factor-kappa B; NOD, non-obese diabetic; NRs, nuclear receptors; OSTα, organic solute transporter alpha; OSTß, organic solute transporter beta; PEPCK, phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase; PGC-1α, peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor γ coactivator protein-1α; SHP, small heterodimer partner; SREBP-1c, sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c; STAT3, signal transducers and activators of transcription 3; T2D, type 2 diabetes; TLCA, taurolithocholic acid; TNBS, trinitrobenzensulfonic acid; TNFα, tumor necrosis factors α; Type 2 diabetes; UC, ulcerative colitis; UDCA, ursodeoxycholic acid; VSG, vertical sleeve gastrectomy; db/db, diabetic mice