AMC, Angiogenic monomuclear cells; BM, Bone marrow; BMSC, Bone marrow stromal cells; CAM-DR, Cell adhesion­mediated drug resistance; CCR­CC, Chemokine receptor; CCX­CKR, Chemo Centryx­chemokine receptor; CD4, Cluster of differentiation 4; CL­CC, Chemokine ligand; CNS, Central nervous system; CSCs, Cancer stem cells; CTAP-III, Connective tissue-activating peptide-III; CXCL, CXC chemokine ligand; CXCR, CXC chemokine receptor; EGF, Epidermal growth factor; EMD, Extramedullary disease; EPC, Endothelial progenitor cells; EPI, Endogenous peptide inhibitor; ERK, Extracellular signal related kinase; FGF, Fibroblast growth factor; G-CSF, Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor; GPCRs, G protein-coupled chemokine receptors; HCC, Hepatocellular carcinoma; HD, Hodgkin's disease; HGF, Hepatocyte growth factor; HIF1α, Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha; HIV, Human Immunodeficiency Virus; HMGB1, High Mobility Group Box 1; HPV, Human papillomavirus; HSC, Hematopoietic stem cells; IGF, Insulin-like growth factor; JAK/STAT, Janus Kinase signal transducer and activator of transcription; JAM-A, Junctional adhesion molecule-A; JNK, Jun N-terminal kinase; MAPK, Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase; MIF, Macrophage migration inhibitory factor; MM, Multiple myeloma; MMP, Matrix metalloproteinases; MRD, Minimal residual disease; NHL, Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma; OCL, Octeoclast; OPG, Osteoprotegerin; PI3K, phosphoinositide-3 kinase; PKA, protein kinase A; PKC, Protein kinase C; PLC, Phospholipase C; Pim, Proviral Integrations of Moloney virus; RANKL, Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand; RRMM, Relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma; SFM-DR, Soluble factor mediated drug resistance; VEGF, Vascular endothelial growth factor; VHL, Von Hippel-Lindau; WHIM, Warts, Hypogammaglobulinemia, Infections, and Myelokathexis; WM, Waldenström macroglobulinemia