ABZI, amidobenzimidazole; ACMA, 9-amino-6-chloro-2-methoxyacridine; AMP, adenosine monophosphate; ATP, adenosine triphosphate; Anti-tumor; BNBC, 6-bromo-N-(naphthalen-1-yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxole-5-carboxamide; CBD, cyclic dinucleotide-binding domain; CDA, cyclic diadenosine monophosphate (c-di-AMP); CDG, cyclic diguanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP); CDN, cyclic dinucleotide; CMA, 10-carboxymethyl-9-acridanone; CTD, C-terminal domain; CTLA-4, cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated protein 4; CTT, C-terminal tail; CXCL, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand; DC50, concentration for 50% degradation; DCs, dendritic cells; DMXAA, 5,6-dimethylxanthenone-4-acetic acid; DSDP, dispiro diketopiperzine; EM, cryo-electron microscopy; ENPP1, ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase; ER, endoplasmic reticulum; FAA, flavone-8-acetic acid; FDA, U.S. Food and Drug Administration; FP, fluorescence polarization; GMP, guanosine monophosphate; GTP, guanosine triphosphate; HCQ, hydrochloroquine; HTS, high throughput screening; ICI, immune checkpoint inhibitor; IKK, IκB kinase; IO, immune-oncology; IRF3, interferon regulatory factor 3; ISG, interferon stimulated gene; ITC, isothermal titration calorimetry; Immunotherapy; KD, kinase domain; LBD, ligand-binding domain; MDCK, Madin­Darby canine kidney; MG, Mangostin; MI, maximum induction; MLK, mixed lineage kinase; MinEC5×, minimum effective concentration for inducing 5-fold luciferase activity; NF-κB, nuclear factor-κB; Ntase, nucleotidyl transferase; PBMCs, peripheral-blood mononuclear cells; PD-1, programmed death receptor 1; PD-L1, programmed death ligand 1; PDE, phosphodiesterases; PDK1, 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1; PPi, pyrophosphoric acid; PROTACs, proteolysis targeting chimeras; PRRs, pattern recognition receptors; QC, quinacrine; SAR, structure­activity relationship; SDD, scaffold and dimerization domain; STAT, signal transducer and activator of transcription; STING; STING, stimulator of interferon genes; Small molecule modulators; TBK1; TBK1, TANK-binding kinase 1; THIQCs, tetrahydroisoquinolone acetic acids; TNFRSF, tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily; ULD, ubiquitin-like domain; VHL, von Hippel­Lindau; cAIMP, cyclic adenosine-inosine monophosphate; cGAMP, cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate; cGAS; cGAS, cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase; dsDNA, double-stranded DNA; i.t., intratumoral