Anti-Inflammatory Diet and Dementia in Older Adults With Cardiometabolic Diseases.
JAMA Netw Open
; 7(8): e2427125, 2024 Aug 01.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-39133488
ABSTRACT
Importance Inflammation has been proposed as a mechanism linking cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) to increased risk of dementia. However, whether an anti-inflammatory diet can support brain and cognitive health among people with CMDs is unclear. Objective:
To examine CMD status and dietary inflammatory potential in association with dementia risk and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures using joint effect analysis. Design, Setting, andParticipants:
The UK Biobank is an ongoing community-based cohort study with baseline assessments conducted between March 13, 2006, and October 1, 2010. The present study included 84â¯342 dementia-free older adults (≥60 years), who were followed up until January 20, 2022 (maximum, 15 years). A subsample (n = 8917) underwent brain MRI scans between May 2, 2014, and March 13, 2020. Exposures Baseline CMDs (including type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and stroke) were ascertained from medical records. Dietary Inflammatory Index scores (anti-inflammatory [≤-1.5 points], neutral [>-1.5 to <0.5 points], or proinflammatory [≥0.5 points]) were calculated from participants' average intake of 31 nutrients, assessed up to 5 times using the Oxford WebQ, a web-based, 24-hour dietary assessment. Main Outcomes andMeasures:
Incident dementia was identified through linkage to medical records. Regional brain volumes were collected from brain MRI scans.Results:
The study included 84â¯342 participants (mean [SD] age, 64.1 [2.9] years; 43â¯220 [51.2%] female). At baseline, 14â¯079 (16.7%) had at least 1 CMD. Over a median follow-up of 12.4 (IQR, 11.8-13.1) years, 1559 individuals (1.9%) developed dementia. With the use of joint effect analysis, the hazard ratio of dementia was 2.38 (95% CI, 1.93-2.93) for people with CMDs and a proinflammatory diet and 1.65 (95% CI, 1.36-2.00) for those with CMDs and an anti-inflammatory diet (reference CMD-free, anti-inflammatory diet). Dementia risk was 31% lower (hazard ratio, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.55-0.88; P = .003) among people with CMDs and an anti-inflammatory diet. On brain MRI, participants with CMDs and an anti-inflammatory diet compared with a proinflammatory diet additionally had significantly larger gray matter volume (ß = -0.15; 95% CI, -0.24 to -0.06 vs ß = -0.27; 95% CI, -0.38 to -0.16) and smaller white matter hyperintensity volume (ß = 0.05; 95% CI, -0.04 to 0.14 vs ß = 0.16; 95% CI, 0.05-0.27). Conclusions and Relevance In this cohort study, people with CMDs and an anti-inflammatory compared with proinflammatory diet had a significantly lower hazard ratio of dementia, larger gray matter volume, and smaller white matter hyperintensity volume.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética
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Demência
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Dieta
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Inflamação
Limite:
Aged
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Female
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Humans
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Male
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Middle aged
País/Região como assunto:
Europa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
JAMA Netw Open
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Suécia
País de publicação:
Estados Unidos