Large language model produces high accurate diagnosis of cancer from end-motif profiles of cell-free DNA.
Brief Bioinform
; 25(5)2024 Jul 25.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-39222060
ABSTRACT
Instruction-tuned large language models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional ability to align with human intentions. We present an LLM-based model-instruction-tuned LLM for assessment of cancer (iLLMAC)-that can detect cancer using cell-free deoxyribonucleic acid (cfDNA) end-motif profiles. Developed on plasma cfDNA sequencing data from 1135 cancer patients and 1106 controls across three datasets, iLLMAC achieved area under the receiver operating curve (AUROC) of 0.866 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.773-0.959] for cancer diagnosis and 0.924 (95% CI, 0.841-1.0) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) detection using 16 end-motifs. Performance increased with more motifs, reaching 0.886 (95% CI, 0.794-0.977) and 0.956 (95% CI, 0.89-1.0) for cancer diagnosis and HCC detection, respectively, with 64 end-motifs. On an external-testing set, iLLMAC achieved AUROC of 0.912 (95% CI, 0.849-0.976) for cancer diagnosis and 0.938 (95% CI, 0.885-0.992) for HCC detection with 64 end-motifs, significantly outperforming benchmarked methods. Furthermore, iLLMAC achieved high classification performance on datasets with bisulfite and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine sequencing. Our study highlights the effectiveness of LLM-based instruction-tuning for cfDNA-based cancer detection.
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Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Carcinoma Hepatocelular
/
Ácidos Nucleicos Livres
Limite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Brief Bioinform
Assunto da revista:
BIOLOGIA
/
INFORMATICA MEDICA
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
China
País de publicação:
Reino Unido