Friendly fire: recognition of self by the innate immune system.
Curr Opin Immunol
; 90: 102457, 2024 Oct.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-39232338
ABSTRACT
The innate immune system employs two different strategies to detect pathogens first, it recognizes microbial components as ligands of pattern recognition receptors (pattern-triggered immunity [PTI]), and second, it detects the activities of pathogen-encoded effectors (effector-triggered immunity [ETI]). Recently, these pathogen-centric concepts were expanded to include sensing of self-derived signals during cellular distress or damage (damage-triggered immunity [DTI]). This extension relied on broadening the PTI model to include damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). However, applying the pattern recognition framework of PTI to DTI overlooks the critical role of sterile activation of ETI pathways. We argue that both PTI and ETI pathways are prone to erroneous detection of self, which is largely attributable to 'friendly fire' rather than protective immune activation. This erroneous activation is inherent to the trade-off between sensitivity and specificity of immune sensing and might be tolerated because its detrimental effects emerge late in life, a phenomenon known as antagonistic pleiotropy.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Receptores de Reconhecimento de Padrão
/
Imunidade Inata
Limite:
Animals
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Curr Opin Immunol
/
Curr. opin. immunol
/
Current opinion in immunology
Assunto da revista:
ALERGIA E IMUNOLOGIA
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de publicação:
Reino Unido