Ovarian Carcinoma - A Single Centre Case-Series Descriptive Analysis of Surgical Procedures.

ABSTRACT

Background: Ovarian surface epithelial cancer (OSEC) are an entity in which, according to genomics and pathology data accumulated in the last couple of decades, several different nosological entities with distinct etiologies are aggregated. In ovarian cancer, surgery is the pivot of treatment, to which medical oncological treatment is added by recommendation in most cases. Material and Methods: This is a single centre sample of 263 cases with OSEC operated from January 2014 until December 2021 with a 28-month period of follow-up, until 30th April 2024. OSEC surgical procedures in stages IIB to III and IV of the disease are complex interventions in order to have the R0/optimal cytoreduction achieved, so we summarised and coded them as follows 1 = biopsy (of the tumour/peritoneum); 2 = bilateral/unilateral adnexectomy (BA/UA) total hysterectomy (TH) omentectomy +- peritoneal biopsies; 3 = (2) with total hysterectomy with bilateral adnexectomy (THBA) +- by extraperitoneal/subperitoneal route+peritonectomies (exclusively diaphragmatic) and electrocauterization of peritoneal carcinomatous lesions; 4 = (3) with visceral (multiple) resections +- stoma; 5 = (4) with diaphragmatic peritonectomies/stripping/partial resection of the diaphragm; 6 = palliative surgery. Results: Debulking surgery (DS) was carried out for n = 182 patients with no residual tissue = R0 being registered in n = 41. Results for patients with residual tissue (n = 141) after DS recorded the following findings: 1 cm (49% cases), 1.1-2 cm (29%) and 2 cm (22%). Recorded results for endometrial ovarian carcinoma (EC) n = 27 shown a tumour free survival probability estimate (%) at 60 months of 66% as both surgery and platinum based chemotherapy are efficient. For clear cell ovarian carcinoma (CCC) n = 7 recorded results shown a tumour free estimate (%) at 60 months of 14%, being known the controversy as to whether or not paclitaxel is an active drug for CCC. Major complications were recorded in 25 patients with a fatality ratio of 5/25. Conclusion: Considering OSEC is a relatively rare disease and the importance of collecting substantial numbers of samples by histotypes to further knowledge about ovarian cancer it comes crucial to establish collaborative endeavour of tertiary centers with standardised and quality control strategies.