Token reinforcement during the instatement and shaping of fluency in the treatment of stuttering.
J Appl Behav Anal
; 15(1): 55-64, 1982.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-7096230
ABSTRACT
The value of token reinforcement in the instatement and shaping of fluency was examined in an intensive treatment program for adult stutterers. Experiment 1 examined the effect of removing the tangible back-up reinforcers for the token system and found that clients' performance in the program was equally good with or without these back-up reinforcers, suggesting that a strict token economy may not be crucial to rapid progress through treatment. Experiment 2 compared contingent and noncontingent taken reinforcement, while controlling for some variables that may have confounded the results of earlier research, and found no difference in clients' performance. Experiment 3 examined the effect of the entire removal of token reinforcement. Performance was found to be no worse under a "no tokens" system than under a system of tokens with back-up reinforcers. It is argued that in a highly structured treatment program where many other reinforcers are operating, token reinforcement may be largely redundant. Clinical and theoretical implications of the findings are discussed.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Gagueira
/
Reforço por Recompensa
Limite:
Adult
/
Humans
/
Male
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Appl Behav Anal
Ano de publicação:
1982
Tipo de documento:
Article