Demographic and clinical features associated with in-hospital mortality in Egyptian COVID-19 patients: A retrospective cohort study

ABSTRACT

IntroductionSince the worldwide emergence of the COVID-19, several protocols were used by different healthcare organisations. We evaluated in this study the demographic and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 disease in Egyptian population with special consideration for its mortality predictors. Methodology8162 participants (mean age 48.7{+/-}17.3 years,54.5% males) with RT-PCR positive COVID-19 were included. The electronic medical records were reviewed for demographic, clinical, laboratory, and radiologic features. The primary outcome was the in-hospital mortality rate. ResultsThe in-hospital mortality was 11.2%. There was a statistically significant strong association of in-hospital mortality with age >60 years old (OR4.7; 95% CI 4.1-5.4;p<0.001), diabetes mellitus (OR4.6; 95% CI 3.99-5.32;p<0.001), hypertension (OR3.9; 95% CI 3.4-4.5;p<0.001), coronary artery disease (OR2.7; 95% CI 2.2-3.2;p<0.001), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OR2.1; 95% CI 1.7-2.5;p<0.001), chronic kidney disease (OR4.8; 95% CI 3.9-5.9;p<0.001), malignancy (OR3.7; 95% CI 2.3-5.75;p<0.001), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio >3.1 (OR6.4; 95% CI 4.4-9.5;P< 0.001), and ground glass opacities (GGOs) in CT chest (OR3.5; 95% CI 2.84-4.4;P<0.001), respectively. There was a statistically significant moderate association of in-hospital mortality with male gender (OR1.6; 95% CI 1.38-1.83;p<0.001) and smoking (OR1.6; 95% CI 1.3-1.9;p<0.001). GGOs was reported as the most common CT finding (occurred in 73.1% of the study participants). ConclusionsThis multicenter, retrospective study ascertained the higher in-hospital mortality rate in Egyptian COVID-19 patients with different comorbidities.