Experiencias alucinatorias nocturnas: relación con la esquizotipia, tendencias disociativas y propensidad a la fantasía / Experiences: links with schizotypy, dissociation and fantasy proneness

RESUMEN

Sobre una muestra de 650 estudiantes universitarios, 24 por ciento varones y 76 por ciento mujeres, se administraron seis escalas; cuatro para medir la intensidad de experiencias perceptuales y dos escalas de personalidad. Los resultados mostraron que los individuos con experiencias puntuaron significativamente alto en relación a absorción (r = .48, p < .001, a dos colas), disociación (r = .46, p < .001, a dos colas), esquizotipia cognitivo-perceptual (r = .44, p < .001, a dos colas), propensidad a fantasear (r = .42, p < .001, a dos colas), y neuroticismo (r = .20, p = .001, a dos colas). Se puede concluir que estas diferencias reflejan la facilidad con que una persona puede atravesar estados de consciencia que permiten el pasaje entre el estado de vigilia y el mundo de fantasía.(AU)

ABSTRACT

In this paper, we investigate whether the personality trait of Absorption is a predisposing factor for HG/HP hallucinatory experience. Our participants, six hundred and fifty-six undergraduate students, 76 percent females and 24 percent males (age range 17-57), completed four scales, assessing absorption (r = .48, p < .001, 2-tailed), Cognitive-perceptual schizotypy and schizotypy proneness (r = .44, p < .001, 2-tailed), dissociation (r = .46, p < .001, 2-tailed), and Fantasy proneness (r = .42, p < .001, 2-tailed), subjective experiences along the sleep-wakefulness continuum. Our findings are indicative of a common, pseudo-hallucinatory experiential base, suggesting that absorption can indeed serve as the predisposing factor for hallucinatory experience. In our discussion, we look at the implications of this finding for applied cognitive psychology, focusing on the study of false memories and reality monitoring.(AU)