Leite de búfalas Murrah, criadas em São Paulo (Brasil): influência da idade, fase de lactação, momento da ordenha e isolamento bacteriano na composição físico-química e celular / Milk of Murrah buffaloes bred in São Paulo (Brazil): influence of age, lactation phase, time of milking and bacterial isolation in the physical-chemical and cell composition

RESUMO

O presente estudo objetivou avaliar valores físico-químicos ecelulares do leite de búfalas criadas em São Paulo, Brasil, assimcomo evidenciar relações entre o isolamento bacteriano e alteraçõesnesses constituintes, contribuindo dessa forma para o diagnósticodas diferentes formas de mastite. Os valores consideradoscomo de referência para o leite de búfalas, segundo as fases delactação (inicial, intermediária e final), foram respectivamentepara o pH 6,89; 6,85 e 6,9; para a eletrocondutividade 3,82;4,02 e 4,49 mS/cm; para os teores de cloreto 18,21; 20,13 e26,49 mg/dl; para os teores de gordura 4,25; 3,70 e 3,56 g/dl;para os teores de proteína 3,97; 4,03 e 4,5 g/dl; para os teoresde lactose 5,11; 5,08 e 4,81 g/dl; para os teores de sólidostotais 14,55; 13,88 e 13,93 g/dl e para o número de célulassomáticas 29.000; 29.000 e 26.000 cel/ml. As bactérias isoladascom maior frequência foram as dos gêneros Corynebacterium(28,5%); Staphylococcus (24,7%); Streptococcus (15,8%); e Arcanobacteriumpyogenes (11,4%), com uma prevalência igual a20,1%. O número de isolamentos bacterianos aumentou significativamentecom o evoluir da lactação. Em contraste, o momentoda ordenha não influenciou no número de isolamentos.

ABSTRACT

The objective of the present study was to evaluate physicalchemicaland cellular contents of the milk of buffaloes bred inthe state of São Paulo, Brazil, and to draw relationships betweenthese values and microbiological results, contributing significantlyfor the diagnosis of different forms of mastitis. Reference valuesfor buffalo milk, according to the phase of lactation (beginning,middle and end of lactation) were, respectively pH, 6.89; 6.85and 6.9; electro conductivity, 3.82; 4.02 and 4.49 mS/cm; chloridecontent, 18.72; 20.13 and 26.49 mg/dl; fat content 4.25;3.70 and 3.56 g/dl; protein content, 3.97; 4.03 and 4.5 g/dl;lactose content, 5.11; 5.08 and 4.81 g/dl; total solid content,14.55; 13.88 and 13.93 g/dl, and somatic cell counts, 29,000;29,000 and 26,000 cells/ml. Results support that the phase oflactation influence pH, electroconductivity, chloride, fat, protein,lactose and total solid contents, as well as somatic cell counts.Fat, protein, lactose, total solid and somatic cell counts contentswere influenced by the moment of sample collection (before orafter milking), respectively, with the following values 3.90 and8.9 g/dl; 4.12 and 3.67 g/dl; 5.02 and 4.64 g/dl; 14.18 and18.31 g/dl, and 29,000 and 56,000 cells/ml. Bacterial generamore frequently isolated were Corynebacterium sp (28.5%); Staphylococcussp (24.7%); Streptococcus sp (15.8%); and Arcanobacteriumpyogenes (11.4%), with prevalence equal to 20.1%.The frequency of bacterial isolation increased significantly withlactation. However, the moment of milking did not influence isolation.There was a relationship between the variation in somemilk constituents that present clinical significance for the diagnosisof buffalo mastitis.