Torção esplênica primária associado à baço acessório em cão / Primary splenic torsion associated with accessory spleen in a dog

ABSTRACT

Background: Primary splenic torsion occurs when there is a splenic vascular pedicle rotation without association of otherdiseases, as the Gastric Dilatation Volvulus (GDV). Accessory spleen consists in a splenic tissue fraction independentfrom main organ, caused by a spleen defect in the embryonic development, most remaining asymptomatic and discoveredincidentally. They have their own blood supply, which is usually from a branch of the splenic artery. Present report represents a primary splenic torsion with the accessory spleen finding in a dog.Case A 7-year-old female mongrel was referred to Veterinary Hospital of Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul,showing pain and firm consistency in the left abdominal region, prostration and inappetence four days before the medicalappointment. At the clinical examination, the patient was alert, 7% dehydration, hypocorous mucous membranes, withoutalteration in lymph nodes, left abdominal pain. Laboratory tests, chest radiographic and abdominal ultrasound was requested.Two images compatible with splenic image were visualized, one with a regular structure without vascularization suggestingsplenic torsion and another with homogeneous parenchyma and echogenicity of the normal spleen, with vascularizationsignal. The animal was referred to the surgical procedure and the anesthetic induction protocol with propofol (6 mg/kg-1)and ketamine hydrochloride (2 mg/kg-1) and maintenance with total intravenous anesthesia with propofol (0.2-0.4 mg/kg-1/min) and lidocaine (2 mg/kg-1), in a semi-closed loop and spontaneous ventilation. The pre-retro-umbilical incision in theventral midline was performed, and the exploratory celiotomy was done. During the cavity exploring, a small amount of freefluid and a structure compatible with the spleen were observed. It was noted that the splenic vascular pedicle was twistedaround its axis and the gastroesplenic and splenocolic ligaments were also involved...(AU)