Clinical Course of Patients with IgA Nephropathy between Combined Treatment of Immunosuppressive Agents and ACE Inhibitor and ACE Inhibitor alone

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: It has not been clear whether immunosuppressive therapy favorably influences renal function and proteinuria in IgA nephropathy (IgAN). Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) has an anti-proteinuric effect in IgAN. A retrospective study was done to see whether the addition of immunosuppressive therapy to ACEi produces a more excellent anti-proteinuric effect and preserves better renal function than ACEi alone. METHODS: A total of 49 patients with proteinuria>1.0 g/day and serum creatinine concentrations<1.5 mg/dL were followed-up from at least 1 year to 9 years. Among them, 25 patients were treated with the combination of cyclophosphamide, prednisolone and ACEi while the other 24 were treated with ACEi alone. RESULTS: The combination therapy or ACEi alone both reduced proteinuria with significant value (the combination group from 5.74+/-5.08 to 2.29+/-2.77 g/day, ACEi group from 3.85+/-2.54 to 1.68+/-1.91 g/day), while no significant differences in reduction of proteinuria were noticed between the two groups. There was no significant elevation of serum creatinine in both groups during follow-up (the combination group from 0.91+/-0.20 to 1.03+/-0.38 mg/dL, ACEi group from 0.93+/-0.27 to 0.99+/-0.37 mg/dL). This study showed no significant differences in the change in slope of 1/serum creatinine levels during the follow-up period between the two groups. CONCLUSION: We conclude that immunosuppressive therapy may not be beneficial in patients with proteinuric IgAN. ACEi may be a valuable therapeutic agent avoiding serious side effects of immunosuppressive agents.