The effect of intranasal dexmedetomidine on preventing myoclonus induced by etomidate / 中国医师进修杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective To observe the effect of intranasal dexmedetomidine on preventing myoclonus induced by etomidate.Methods One hundred patients who ASA classification Ⅰ-Ⅱ grades were divided into two groups by random digits table method with 50 cases each.Before anesthesia induction with dexmedetomidine 1 μ g/kg (dexmedetomidine group) or equivalent 0.9％ sodium chloride (control group) intranasal,30 min after two groups were injected etomidate 0.3 mg/kg.Mean artery pressure(MAP),heart rate (HR),oxygen saturation with pulse oximetry (SpO2) and respiratary rate were recorded before intranasal instillation of dexmedetomidine (T0),at l5 min (T1) and 30 min (T2) after intranasal dexmedetomidine,myoclonus was observed and graded.Results The MAP,HR at T2 was lower than that at T0 in dexmedetomidine group [(75.9 ± 8.1) mm Hg (1 mm Hg =0.133 kPa) vs.(81.4 ± 10.4) mm Hg,(80.9 ± 7.6) times/min vs.(85.9 ± 9.1) times/min],there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05),but all within the normal range; other within the group at each time point had no statistical significance between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).The incidence of myoclonus was significantly reduced in dexmedetomidine group compared with that in control group [42％(21/50) vs.70％(35/50)],there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Intranasal instillation of dexmedetomidine can safely prevent myoclonus induced by etomidate.