Bone mesenchymal stem cells with allogeneic bone to repair canine mandibular defects:detection of osteogenic ability / 中国组织工程研究

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:Al ogeneic bone has anatomical appearance and biological features similar to autogenous bone, which is an excel ent biological scaffold material. Mesenchymal stem cel s originating from autogenous bone marrow have mutli-lineage differentiation potential, can differentiate into osteoblasts and chondrocyte, and thus can accelerate the formation of bone tissue and cartilage tissue. OBJECTIVE:To establish the osteogenic ability of al ogeneic bone with autogenous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s for repairing major mandibular defects. METHODS:The left mandibular teeth of 24 beagles were extracted, and at 2 months after wound healing, mandibular defects were made artificial y. The beagles were divided into two groups:control group treated with lyophilized al ogeneic bone, and experimental group with autogenous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s and lyophilized al ogeneic bone. Densitometry with CT and Micro-CT was conducted 4, 12, and 24 weeks after surgery. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the control group, the bone density of the mandible was significantly higher in the experimental group at 12 weeks after transplantation (P<0.05). Over time, the bone densities in the two groups were both increased, but the bone density in the experimental group was always higher than that in the control group. Bone structure parameters were progressively increased or decreased in the two groups, especial y in the experimental group. At 24 weeks after surgery, the degree of trabecular separation in regions of interest was higher in the experimental group than the control group (P<0.05), but the bone volume fraction, number of trabecular bone, and bone trabecular thickness were significantly lower in the experimental group than the control group (P<0.05). These findings indicate that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s are capable of accelerating the reconstruction of al ogeneic bones.