Usefulness of New Berlin Definition of Polytrauma for Mortality Prediction in Adult Patients with Major Trauma

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: The terminology that represented major trauma was vague, inconsistent, and lacked validation. The objective of this study is to investigate the new definition of polytrauma in adult patients of major trauma. METHODS: A retrospective data of adult major trauma patients [Age≥15, 16≤Injury Severity Score (ISS)<75] from a regional trauma center were collected in period between July 2011 and December 2013 and divided into two groups: polytrauma and non-polytrauma. We compared the demographic, laboratory characteristics, and outcomes in patients with major trauma, polytrauma and non-polytrauma. Univariate associations were calculated, and a multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine the parameters associated with in-hospital mortality and early death. RESULTS: A total of 662 patients met the inclusion criteria for major trauma. Of these, 150 (22.7%) met the new polytrauma definition. In the major trauma group, the mean ISS was 22, in-hospital mortality rate was 23.4%, and early death rate was 20.7%. In the polytrauma group, ISS was 27, in-hospital mortality rate was 44.7%, and early death rate was 38.7%. In the non-polytrauma group, ISS was 20, in-hospital mortality rate was 17.2%, and early death rate was 15.4%. Of the five physiologic parameters (systolic blood pressure≤90 mmHg, Glasgow Coma Scale≤8, base deficit≥6, international normalized ratio≥1.4/activated partial thromboplastin time≥40 seconds, age≥70 years), the lowest in-hospital mortality was found when one parameter was involved (2.5%), and the highest mortality was found when all parameters were involved (100%). CONCLUSION: Based on “The new Berlin definition”, polytrauma was associated more with in-hospital mortality and early death than non-polytrauma in adults. The five physiologic parameters were correlated with in-hospital mortality.