ABSTRACT
Background/objective: Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is now the most frequently reported malignant skin tumour in some areas of Africa and was endemic in Africa before the advent of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The prevalence has increased with the emergence of HIV infection. The objective of this report is to describe the frequency; current clinical pattern; and anatomic distribution of KS in Calabar; south-eastern Nigeria and compare this with total malignant skin tumour. Method: All the patients with histologic diagnosis of KS presenting to the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital from January 2005 and December 2006 were analyzed as part of the wider study of malignant skin tumorus. Diagnosis of HIV was based upon enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Results: In our study; there were 11 patients (7 males and 4 females); with a male: female ratio of 1.75: 1. This was the commonest malignant skin tumor (38) followed by squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (34.5) and the age ranged from 21 - 60 years (mean 42.9years). Nine patients (81.8) were HIV positive including the 4 females (age ranged from 21 -45 years) and 2(18.2) HIV negative; aged 59 and 60years. The lower limb was the commonest site (50). Atypical lesions involved the eyelids/ nose and penis. Conclusion: KS is now the commonest malignant skin tumour in our region with the HIV related KS as the commonest clinical type. Successful prevention and treatment of HIV infection would reduce the prevalence of this tumour
Subject(s)
HIV Infections , Sarcoma , Sarcoma/therapyABSTRACT
Background : Carcinoid tumours have long been known to be a morphologically distinct class of rare intestinal tumours. The prevalence vary with geographical area; most are clinically silent and are found incidentally at surgery. They may occasionally cause intestinal or vascular obstruction necessitating emergency surgery following which the dia- gnosis is made. We report this first case of intestinal carcinoid seen in this centre in over twenty years. Methods: The case report discussed here is an intestinal carcinoid in- volving the distal ileum. Results:Clinical presentation was recurrent abdominal pain with a tender mass in the periumbilical region extending to the right iliac fossa with noisybowel sounds. Plain abdominal x-ray; barium meal and abdominal Ultrasonography were not diagnostic. A laparatomy on account of intestinal obstruction was performed which revealed a tan yellow tumour extending into the mesentery. Histology revealed carcinoid tumour.Conclusion : Carcinoid tumours should be considered in patients presenting with recurrent abdominal pain or mass or intestinal obstruction. Localization of the tumour is impor- tant since the diagnosis of all carcinoids without systemic features from hormone production depends on the histological structure and staining properties