Facteurs associés au portage de l'Aghbs en grossesse dans un pays de haute endémicité : une étude cas-témoin

Objectif. L'objectif était d'évaluer les facteurs associés au portage de l'aghbs en grossesse afin d'identifier des cibles de prévention. Matériels et méthodes. Il s'agit d'une étude cas témoin réalisée dans trois hôpitaux universitaires de Douala et Yaoundé. Les cas étaient constitués de femmes enceintes avec une sérologie AgHBs positive. Nous avons recruté 121 femmes enceintes Ag HBs positifs et les avons appariées à 242 mères Ag HBs négatifs après régression logistique. Résultats. Les facteurs associés au portage de l'AgHBs en grossesses étaient l'union libre [OR : 5,01 IC 95% (2,51-10,02) p=0,001 ]; la religion pentecôtiste [OR 4,3 IC 95% (1,41-13,47) p=0,01]; les antécédents d'ictère [OR : 5,3 IC 95% (1,20-23,37) p=0,02 ]; de soins dentaires [OR : 2,4 IC 95% (2,26-4,96) p=0,01 ]; et de scarifications [OR 7,4 IC 95% (3,77-14,58) p=0,00], l'hépatite B dans l'entourage [OR : 4,86 IC 95% (1,20-19,65) p=0,02] et l'antécédent familial d'infection à l'hépatite B au premier degré [OR : 7,08 IC 95% (1,44-34,78) p=0,01]. Conclusion. Plusieurs facteurs associés à l'hépatite B en grossesse précédemment identifiés dans la littérature récente ont été retrouvés. Le rôle des congrégations pentecôtistes, donnée spécifique de notre travail reste à confirmer

Evaluation of the offer of family planning services in a rural area of the Bamboutos division in the west region of Cameroon: a cross sectional study

Background and aim. The rate of utilization of contraceptive methods in Cameroon is low. The western region has a high fecundicity index and among the women in union using any contraception (30.2%), only 32.5% of them are using a modern method. This study aimed at improving the offer of family planning (FP) services by identifying factors limiting its expansion. Methods. We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study from 1st January to 31st December 2011 in the Bamboutous health district of the West region of Cameroon. We included exhaustively public and private health institutions. The characteristics of health institutions, providers and various FP services offered were obtained from registers and interview of health care providers. Data was analyzed using Epi info software version 3.5.1. Results. Of the 68 health facilities in the Bamboutous health district, 25 (36.8%) offered FP services. Among them, 18 were public (72%), 21(84%) had been existing for over 5-years period and the service offer was integrated (88%). There was often no pipe-borne water (72%). Eighteen of 25 FP institutions had no personnel who had ever received any formal training in FP (72%). Unmet contraceptive need was estimated at 34.7%. The different contraceptive methods received by women were more often injectables (37.3%) and implants (12.6%). Male condom represents 30.8%. Conclusion. The health services in the Bamboutous division are poorly furnished with FP activities in spite of met-needs of 65.3%. Improving on the service offer for FP as well as the training of health care providers is highly recommended

Blood Uric Acid Level as a Marker of Increased Risk of Eclampsia in Severe Pre-Eclamptic Patients: A Cross-Sectionnal Study in two Tertiary Hospitals in Yaounde; Cameroon

BACKGROUND. Eclampsia is the most dangerous maternal complication in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP). Hyperuricemia is a sign of poor prognosis for both the mother and the fetus. We investigated the relationship between uricemia and the occurrence of eclampsia in cases of severe pre-eclampsia.MATERIALS AND METHODS. This was a three-month' cross-sectional study carried out in two tertiary hospitals in the city of Yaounde; Cameroon. All patients attending the hospitals with evidence of severe pre-eclampsia or eclampsia and willing to participate in the study were enrolled. Socio-epidemiology data and blood were collected as soon as the diagnosis was made; uricemia were measured using a spectrophotometric method. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 18.0 and significance was observed when P was 0.05.RESULTS. Ninety five pregnant women; aged between 15 to 41 years; with evidence of severe pre-eclampsia (60) or eclampsia (35) were enrolled during the months of January to march 2015. While age below 20 years increased the risk of eclampsia (OR