ABSTRACT
Tuberculosis is the leading cause of death among the world's prison populations. Prisons are reservoirs of tuberculosis and threaten inmates; prison staff; visitors and the surrounding community. This study was carried out to explore the associated factors with pulmonary tuberculosis treatment outcomes at Potchefstroom Prison. A retrospective record review of 202 inmates with tuberculosis; whose treatment outcomes as of March 2010 were known; was conducted. Data on sex; racial group; level of education; weight; smoking habits; existence and type of co-morbidity; diagnostic classification; treatment regimen; initiation date; completion date and outcome; use of directly observed treatment; allergy and hospitalisation were captured. The majority of the inmates (142; 70.3) were aged 21-37 years; while 48 (23.8) were aged 38-53 years. There were 198 (98) male and 4 (2) female inmates. Fifty-five inmates (27.3) had attained Grade 6 and lower; 71 (35.1) grade 7-9; 68 (33.7) Grade 10-12; and 8 (3.9) above grade 12. One hundred and fifty-eight (78.2) received occasional visitors. There were 121 (59.9) smokers. The adverse outcomes for tuberculosis were significantly increased by an age 37 years; human immunodeficiency virus co-infection; smoking; a lack of support and an absence of directly observed treatment. Inmates who received fewer visits and less social support must be supported by community volunteers; counsellors and psychologists in order to motivate them and enhance favourable treatment outcomes. Smokers need to stop smoking. Younger inmates require peer support groups