ABSTRACT
Gastro-oesophageal reflux is a normal physiological phenomenon that is frequently associated with regurgitation in infants. In general; it resolves by the age of one year. Some children are more likely to have persistent symptoms and develop complications; e.g. children with congenital abnormalities of the oesophagus; neurological impairment; and a family history of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD). Preliminary evidence suggests that GORD in infancy and childhood may be a precursor to adult GORD. GORD is reflux that is associated with troublesome symptoms or complications. These complications are categorised into oesophageal and extra-oesophageal difficulties. Diagnosis in most patients relies on a thorough history and physical examination. However; the symptoms in infants and young children are often atypical. Patients with significant symptoms require more extensive diagnostic assessment; such as contrast radiography; oesophagoscopy and oesophageal pH-metry. In most cases; parental reassurance and advice on feeding are sufficient. Thickened feeds reduce the frequency of regurgitation. Patients with complications require potent acid inhibition and occasionally anti-reflux surgery