ABSTRACT
A low-cost mono-screen trap for Glossina fuscipes suitable for use by a rural community in Uganda is describe. The trap has a single blue/black screen and a cone made from mosquito netting. The supporting frame work is made from indigenous plant materials. The differences in trap catches between the mono-screen; biconical; pyramidal and traps were highly significant (P less than 0.001. Taking the standard biconical trap as control; the mono-screen trap was 1.25 times as efficient and the pyramidal trap was 0.04 times as efficient. The cost of one mono-screen trap is estimated as 1800 Uganda shillings (=U.S. $4.7); about half the cost of a pyramidal trap and one-quarter the cost of a biconical trap. The prospects for the use of the mono-screen trap by the community are discussed
Subject(s)
Rural Population , Tsetse FliesABSTRACT
A process is described by which trapping technology is being taught to a rural community which has been affected continuously by an epidemic of sleeping sickness for over a decade. Through a systematic health education programme; people are actively involved in making and setting traps and in learning about the general characteristics of the tsetse fly and the disease. A mono-screen trap has been developed for community use and is being used to trap flies. This is the first time that this kind of community participation has been attempted in tsetse control--and this approach is discussed in relation to other approaches
Subject(s)
Community Participation , Health Education , Rural Population , TrypanosomiasisABSTRACT
A low-cost mono-screen trap for Glossina fuscipes fuscipes suitable for use by a rural community in Uganda is described. The trap has a single blue/black screen and a cone made from mosquito netting. The supporting framework is made from indigenous plant materials. The differences in trap catches between the mono-screen; biconical; pyramidal and vavoua traps were highly significant (P less than 0.001). Taking the standard biconical trap as control; the mono-screen trap was 1.25 times as efficient and the pyramidal trap was 0.04 times as efficient. The cost of one mono-screen trap is estimated as 1800 Uganda shillings (= U.S. $4.7); about half the cost of a pyramidal trap and one-quarter the cost of a biconical trap. The prospects for the use of the mono-screen trap by the community are discussed
Subject(s)
Costs and Cost Analysis , Insect Control/economics , Rural PopulationABSTRACT
The pyrethroid insecticide lambda-cyhalothrin was evaluated in field trials against Glossina f. fuscipes and sleeping sickness transmission in lyolwa sub-county; Tororo District; Eastern Uganda. The isnecticide was applied selectively to the resting-sites of tsetse; by bush-spraying; using 10vettable powder (10WP) formulation at an application rate of 11.6 g.a.i/ha over an area of 32km 2;215 pyramidal traps treated with lambda-cyhalothrin which eliminated tsetse within 1-2 months; whereas G.f.fuscipes persisted at very low density in part of the area treated with 2ED lambda-cyhalothrin. In both treated areas; the numbers of human sleeping sickness cases fell to no more than one per month; compared with four to twelve per month previously. The overall rate of cattle trypanosomiasis (T.brucei and T.vivax) was also reduced slightly. Insecticide-treatedtraps remained fully effective for at least 6 months under field conditions; and catches were reduced 20-90-fold. These results in the control of tsetse and trypanosomiasis transmission lead us to recommend lambda-cyhalothrin for tsetse control operations
Subject(s)
Pyrethrins , TrypanosomiasisABSTRACT
The pyrethroid insecticide lambda-cyhalothrin was evaluated in field trials against Glossina f.fuscipes and sleeping sickness transmission in Iyolwa sub-county; Tororo District; Uganda. The insecticide was applied selectively to the resting-sites of tsetse; by bush-spraying; using 10pc wettable powder (10WP) formulation at an application rate of 11.6 g a.i./ha over an area of 28 km2; or by a 2pc Electrodyn formulation (2ED) applied at 0.9 g a.i./ha over 30 km2. In a third trial area of 32 km2; 215 pyramidal traps treated with lambda-cyhalothrin 100 mg/m2 were set. The best impact was obtained with 10WP lambda-cyhalothrin which eliminated tsetse within 1-2 months; whereas G.f.fuscipes persisted at very low density in part of the area treated with 2ED lambda-cyhalothrin. In both treated areas the numbers of human sleeping sickness cases fell to no more than one per month; compared with four to twelve per month previously. The overall rate of cattle trypanosomiasis (T.brucei and T.vivax) was also reduced slightly. Insecticide-treated traps remained fully effective for at least 6 months under field conditions and catches were reduced 20-90-fold. These results in the control of tsetse and trypanosomiasis transmission lead us to recommend lambda-cyhalothrin for tsetse control operations