Evaluating the effect of antidiabetic treatment on haemostatic and fibrinolytic parameters among type 2 diabetics in Ilorin, Nigeria

Background:Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is a disease of epidemic proportions and many patients are at a great risk of premature mortality and complication of atherothrombotic disorders affecting coronary, cerebral and peripheral arterial trees. Increased Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Type 1 inhibits fibrinolysis and predicts cardiovascular risk in those living with Type 2 Diabetes. This study aimed to determine the effect of antidiabetic treatment on haemostatic and fibrinolytic parameters among Type 2 Diabetic subjects in Ilorin.Methods:This was a comparative cross-sectional study involving 78 Type 2 diabetic patients, (39 treatment naïve, 39 treatment experienced). Full blood count was performed using Sysmex XP300 while Prothrombin time was determined using one stage test of Owren. Activated partial thromboplastin time was determined by method of Proctor and Rapaport. Fibrinogen and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor type-1 were assayed using AssayMax Human Fibrinogen ELISAand AssayMax Human PAI-1 ELISAkit. Data Analysis was done using SPSS version 25.0.Results:Mean PAI-1 levels were significantly higher in treatment naïve diabetics when compared to treatment experienced diabetics (2.44 ±2.57 vs 2.51±1.47 ng/ml p=0.002) as were fibrinogen levels (434.65±366.15 vs 482.24± 299.64mg /dl; p = 0.048). PAI -1 levels were lowest among diabetics treated with Metformin + DPP4 inhibitors, while fibrinogen levels were lowest among those treated with Metformin + sulfonylurea combination.Conclusion:Oral hypoglycaemic treatment, combination therapy in particular, improves fibrinolysis in type 2 diabetics thereby reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

Glycaemic Response to Different Preparations of Yam in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Nigerians

Post-pandial glycaemic responses to food can be affected by the method involved in the preparation of the food. Dietary intervention with food modification forms the corner- stone of management of type 2 diabetes worldwide. The effect of processing on yam; a staple food in Nigeria; was studied among diabetic and non-diabetic Nigerians. Despite undergoing more processing; amala prepared from yam flour had a better post-pandial glycaemic response index (PGRI) compared to other yam preparations; and this was also significantly higher among the diabetic subjects. Yam-based products; particularly amala; should be encouraged among diabetic Nigerians

Andropause: An emerging world health problem

Andropause is an emerging clinical concept that is gaining an increasing recognition; as the world becomes more aging. The clinical features though subtle are easy to identify and appropriate treatment of diagnosed cases will to a good extent alleviate a lot of age-related complaints and improve the general quality of life in the elderly men. Low level of clinical suspicion secondary to inadequate knowledge about this clinical entity remains the major obstacle to appropriate treatment. In this review; the literature has been perused and the definition; epidemiology; pathophysiology; clinical features; diagnosis and treatment are outlined