ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of this study was to examine variables associated with recently diagnosed HIV-infection as a self-reported attempted suicide risk factor. Method: The study cohort consisted of 112 general hospital in-patients who attempted suicide because of HIV-infection. All the patients were subject to a comprehensive mental state examination and administration of a semi-structured questionnaire to obtain biographical; sociodemographic and other relevant information. Pearson uncorrected Chi-square (X2) or Fisher's Exact Probability Test were used to analyze data utilising Epicalc 2000; version 1.02. Results: Most patients expressed a heterosexual preference. The average age was 34.9 years. Females predominated and in both genders depression and substance abuse (mainly alcohol-related) accounted for the most common psychiatric diagnoses. Less than half of the patients were married. Partner relational problems was a statistically significant variable. The most prevalent co-morbid stressors were poor social support; fear of disclosure/stigmatization and socio-economic pressures. Cognitive deficits included problems with cognitive flexibility; concentration and memory. Based on estimated national suicidal behaviour prevalence rates; a descriptive HIV-related attempted suicide rate of 67.2 per 100 000 and an increased risk for attempted suicide of 13.33to 18.87were calculated. Conclusion: HIVinfection can be an underestimated suicide risk factor. Effective management and prevention programmes should include as imperatives early diagnosis of HIV-related suicidal behaviour; recognition of underlying psychopathology; neurocognitive deficits; associated stressors; the dynamics of partner relationship problems; as well as cultural awareness and sensitivity. Potential neurocognitive complications that can act as additional risk factors require further research