Pre-and post-donation ferritin level of blood donors attending University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Donor Clinic in Southern Nigeria

While trying to save the patient via blood transfusion, the safety of the blood donor is paramount. This study evaluated the pre-and post-donation ferritin and packed cell volume (PCV) of donors attending University of Calabar Teaching Hospital.Method: The study adopted descriptive longitudinal approach. A total of 18 donors with age range of 18 ­48years were enrolled and followed up for 30 days post-donation. The serum ferritin was analyzed using ELISA method while the PCV was analyzed using the microhematocrit method. Difference between means was performed using repeated measure ANOVA while post hoc was done using Bonferroni adjustment. Prediction of return to baseline values were performed using logistic regression. Alpha value was placed at 0.05 There was a decline in ferritin and packed cell volume from pre-to post-donation. The decline in ferritin was imminent until day 14 when recovery was initiated. Significant difference was observed between the pre-donation ferritin and the rest of the days except day 30. There was also a decline in PCV from pre-donation all through with recovery noticeable after day 7. The PCV of the pre-donation was only comparable to the day 30 post-donation. Approximately 5.6% (n=1) of the subjects was iron deficient pre-donation.Approximately 25% (n=4) of the subject have returned to baseline PCV while 0% of the subjects have returned to baseline ferritin at day 30 post-donation.Conclusion: For the safety of the donor, donation interval should be widened, and iron supplement followed up

Surrogates for Identifying Pre-School Children with Iron Deficiency Anaemia: Is Red cell indices useful?

There are difficulties in determining children with iron deficiency anaemia in developing countries due to cost of serum ferritin estimation. We sought to determine the relationship between red cell indices and serum ferritin among pre-school children. A random sample of 89 apparently healthy children was recruited. Serum ferritin was measured by ELIZA while red cell indices were determined by auto-analysis.Correlations analysis was performed to test the relationship between serum ferritin and the red cell indices. Also validity testing of red cell indices as screening tools was performed using the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values. Weak significant positive correlations were seen between serum ferritin and MCV, and MCH irrespective of the anaemic status of study subjects anaemia status (p = 0.020, and 0.040 respectively). Following stratification according to presence or absence of anaemia, a significant positive correlation was seen between serum ferritin and MCV among subjects with anaemia. None of the red cell indices were found to reach significant correlation levels with the red cell indices in non-anaemic study subjects. There were notable difference between sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values using MCV compared with MCH in the anaemic children. MCV was observed to be a useful surrogate for predicting iron deficiency state in pre-school children with anaemia where serum ferritin is not readily available

Adherence to iron prophylactic therapy during pregnancy in an urban regional hospital in South Africa

Background: Iron and folic acid supplementation plays a major role in the prevention and control of iron-deficiency anaemia in pregnancy. Therefore, this study assesses adherence to prophylactic iron supplementation during the antenatal period in South Africa. Methods: An observational study was conducted in a regional hospital from January to December 2016. HIV-uninfected(n= 100) and HIV-infected (n= 100)] women were enrolled and subdivided into three groups: (a)≤34 weeks (n= 33), (b)34­36 weeks (n= 34) and (c)≥37 weeks (n= 33) gestational age respectively. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Data were coded and statistically analysed using SPSS software. Pill count and self-reported data from women (n= 24) at≤34 weeks and 34­36 weeks reflected < 50% adherence and 46% non-adherence, being higher in the HIV-infected women (75%). Nausea was the commonest side effect across all trimesters (79. 2%). Adherence (27.8%) and non-adherence (72.1%) to iron, folic acid and calcium supplementation were found in 88% of women. Conclusion: This study found that adherence to micronutrient supplementation is low in pregnancy, albeit higher in HIV-infected women receiving antenatal care at a regional hospital in Durban, South Africa

Iron deficiency in South African children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Objective: Iron deficiency may play a role in the pathophysiology of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) by causing dopamine dysfunction, but there is conflicting evidence in the literature regarding this relationship. This study investigates the possible correlation between iron deficiency and ADHD in children and adolescents attending a South African child and adolescent psychiatry outpatient service.Method: In this retrospective study, we gathered data from 245 outpatient children and adolescents who had their serum ferritin and/or iron levels tested between February 2011 and January 2016. Relevant statistical methods were used to test for correlations between ADHD and various demographic and clinical factors, including iron deficiency.Results: Out of 245 patients, 88 (35.9%) had iron deficiency, 156 (63.7%) had ADHD and 55 (22.4%) had both iron deficiency and ADHD. Variables found to be significantly correlated with ADHD included gender, age, and methylphenidate treatment, but there was no significant correlation between ADHD and iron deficiency.Conclusions: Our study emphasizes the great complexity involved in understanding ADHD. Comparisons between mentally-ill paediatric patients and matched healthy controls from the same communities are required to further explore the possible association between iron deficiency and ADHD

Supplémentation en fer de l'enfant africain: évolution des marqueurs biologiques, et facteurs associés

Introduction : La supplémentation par les sels de fer constitue un des piliers de la lutte contre la carence en fer. Le but de cette enquête était de déterminer la cinétique des marqueurs de la carence en fer lors d'une supplémentation. Méthodologie : Etude prospective, qui incluait des enfants de 6 mois à 5 ans, anémiés et carencés en fer, supplémentés en sels de fer après déparasitage anti helminthes intestinaux. Une numération formule sanguine et le dosage de ferritine, transferrine, fer sérique et capacité de saturation de la transferrine étaient réalisés avant le début, à 6 semaines et 12 semaines de traitement. Résultats : Sur les 121 enfants du départ, 103 sont allés au bout de l'enquête. Les enfants étaient âgés en moyenne de 36,2 ± 12,8 mois, ils provenaient de familles classées comme « moyennes riches » pour 39,8% (n=41), « moyennes pauvres » pour 42,7 % (n=44), et « pauvres » pour 11,7% (n=12). A l'induction du traitement le taux moyen d'hémoglobine était de 9,8 g/dl ± 1,4, à 6 semaines 10,9 g/dl ±1,1, à 12 semaines 12,8 ±0,7. Le taux moyen de ferritine à l'induction était 27,3 ± 19,3, à 6 semaines 42,1±13,4, à 12 semaines 58±12,2. Il n'existait aucun lien entre facteurs sociaux les résultats biologiques à 12 semaines. Conclusion : les paramètres érythrocytaires évoluent au cours de la supplémentation et ne se normalisent qu'à la 12e semaine. Ils permettent un bon suivi de l'efficacité de la supplémentation par sels de fer

Severe iron deficiency anaemia caused by hookworm infestation - a case report - case report

Iron deficiency anaemia is a common clinical problem referred to gastroenterologists for diagnostic evaluation. While hookworm infestation is a known cause of chronic gastrointestinal blood loss, affected patients are usually asymptomatic and only 10% develop anaemia.1,2 Herein we present a case of recurrent profound iron deficiency anaemia caused by hookworm infestation

Profil étiologique des anémies dans un service de médecine interne

L'anémie constitue un problème majeur de la santé publique à travers le monde malgré l'amélioration remarquable des conditions de vie. Elle est classée par l'OMS comme l'un des dix problèmes les plus sérieux du monde. Notre objectif est de décrire les profils épidémiologique et étiologique des cas d'anémies prises en charge dans notre formation. Il s'agit d'une étude rétrospective menée durant 5 ans, allant de Janvier 2011 à décembre 2015 et portant sur 150 patients. L'âge moyen de nos patients est de 48,8ans et les femmes sont les plus touchées avec un sex-ratio de 1,78. Le taux moyen de l'hémoglobine est de 8 g/dl avec des extrêmes allant de 3,4 à 11,4 g/dl. L'anémie ferriprive est le diagnostic étiologique dominant étant retrouvée dans 60% des cas, suivie par l'anémie mégaloblastique observée chez 21% des patients puis les anémies hémolytiques dans 7,33% des cas. La survenue d'une anémie chez l'adulte peut représenter un véritable défit diagnostique pour l'interniste et cela parfois dans un contexte d'urgence. Le recours à des examens spécialisés peut s'imposer

Anémie et pathologies associées au service de médecine générale du centre hospitalier universitaire de Yaoundé ­Cameroun

Les causes favorisant l'anémie sont les carences nutritionnelles, les parasitoses et les infections chroniques. Le but de notre étude est de d'évaluer la prévalence de l'anémie sur un an de consultation au service de médecine générale du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Yaoundé-Cameroun, de ressortir les facteurs de risques et les pathologies associées à cette anémie. Il s'agit d'une étude prospective et descriptive. Tous les patients colligés ont été soumis à une numération formule sanguine, une goutte épaisse et une coprologie faits au laboratoire de l'Hôpital et des examens complémentaires étaient réalisés en cas de nécessité. Les résultats étaient les suivants : la prévalence de l'anémie était de 20,94%. Les résultats ont montré que les femmes étaient plus anémiques (16,68%) que les hommes (4,25%) sur toutes les tranches d'âge, et cette différence était significative ; p=0,0001. Les patients âgés de moins de 26 ans étaient plus anémiques que les autres tranches d'âge néanmoins l'anémie n'avait pas de liaison statistique avec l'âge ; p=0,2. De plus, les étudiants étaient statistiquement plus anémiques (8,40%) que les travailleurs (6,71%) et les ménagères (5,83%), la différence observée était significative ; p=0,001. Enfin notre étude révèle que les patients en carence nutritionnelle étaient statistiquement plus anémiques (10,97%) que ceux des autres groupes : accès palustre (5,26%), le groupe VIH et tuberculose (2,68%), le groupe hémopathie, parasitoses, addiction au kaolin ou géophagie, insuffisance rénale, cancer et polyménorrhées (1,98%) ; p=0,001. L'anémie constitue un problème de santé publique au Cameroun où la plus grande partie de la population souffre d'anémie carentielle. Les étudiants et les femmes étaient les populations à risque d'anémie

Cord blood haemoglobin and ferritin concentrations in newborns of anaemic and non-anaemic mothers in Lagos, Nigeria

Background: Pre-delivery haemoglobin and serum ferritin concentrations of anaemic and non-anaemic mothers were determined, and cord blood haemoglobin and serum ferritin concentrations of their newborns were compared. This is to establish the mean values for pre-delivery haemoglobin and serum ferritin concentrations of anaemic and non-anaemic mothers and the cord blood haemoglobin and serum ferritin concentrations of their newborns at term. Materials and Methods: A case­control study was done involving 142 pregnant women and their newborns. They were divided into two groups - the anaemic group (n = 65) and the non-anaemic (n = 77) group. Five millilitres of blood was collected from each woman and 2 ml was collected from the cord of their newborns into ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) bottle and plain bottle for full blood count analysis and ferritin assay, respectively. Results: The mean pre-delivery haemoglobin concentrations of the women in anaemic group and non-anaemic group were 9.5 ± 1.01 g/dl and 12.15 ± 1.07 g/dl, respectively, and their mean serum ferritin concentrations were 64.45 ± 138.76 µg/l and 32.83 ± 35.36 µg/l, respectively. The mean cord blood haemoglobin concentrations for anaemic and for non-anaemic groups were 12.54 ± 2.54 g/dl and 13.44 ± 2.23 g/dl (P = 0.02), respectively, and the mean cord blood serum ferritin concentrations (non-anaemic, 69.38 ± 78.88 µg/l; anaemic, 7.26 ± 115.60 µg/l) (P = 0.00) were higher in the newborns of non-anaemic than of anaemic mothers. Significant association was found between maternal anaemia and cord blood ferritin concentrations (P = 0.025). Conclusion: Maternal anaemia has significant effects on cord blood haemoglobin and serum ferritin concentrations

Iron store of pregnant women with hemoglobin SS and SC in Benin City

Background: Anemia in pregnancy is common and morbidity is increased in the presence of sickle cell disease. There has been conflicting argument concerning routine iron replacement. However few; studies in Nigeria have comprehensively evaluated the iron status of these women. Objective: The study was carried out to determine the iron stores status of pregnant women with hemoglobin (Hb) Sickle cell S or Sickle cell C using the serum assay. C-reactive protein (CRP) was also assayed to rule out the effect of inflammation / infection on the serum level of ferritin. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective longitudinal study conducted at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH); Benin City; over a period of eight months (from April 2011 to December 2011). The patients for the study were identified using the booking investigation results in the antenatal clinic records. Only those clinically stable pregnant women; in a healthy state; participated in this study.The hematological indices; serum ferritin assay; and the CRP were determined in both test (Hb SS / SC) and control (Hb AA) pregnant women. The data obtained were fed into a personal computer (PC) and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 16 for Windows. Categorical data were expressed as percentages and compared using the Chi-squared test; whereas; numerical data were expressed as mean (SD) and compared using the Student's t-test. The level of significance was set at P?0.05. Results: A total of 23 Hb SS / SC pregnant women formed the test group. They were recruited for the study from the Sickle-Cell Center (attached to the Central Hospital; Benin City; the UBTH). The mean age; educational status; and the social class of both the test group and the control group were comparable. There was a significant difference in the mean hemoglobin concentration between the test group and control group; both at 16-20 weeks and 28 - 32 weeks of gestation (P0.001); and the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) values at both gestational ages (GAs) (P

Etat des reserves en fer des femmes enceintes; des femmes allaitantes et des enfants de 1 a 60 mois a Lubumbashi; RD Congo

Le present travail a pour objectif d'evaluer le statut martial des personnes a risque d'anemier a Lubumbashi. Le niveau des reserves en fer a ete determiner sur base du dosage de ferritine serique chez 53 femmes enceintes; 38 femmes allaitantes et 49 enfants de 1 a 60 mois. Cette etude montre que le statut martial est normal (ferritine entre 30-200 ng/ml) dans 23chez les femmes enceintes; 8chez les femmes allaitantes et 62chez les enfants. Dans les trois groupes; la carence martiale (ferritine 12 ng/ml) a ete observee respectivement dans 34; 58; et 20dans des cas alors que la precarence (ferritine entre 12-30ng/ml) ) a ete retrouve respectivement entre 43; 34; et 4des cas. Chez la femme enceinte; la grande majorite des cas de carence et de precarence a ete notee au deuxieme et au troisieme trimestre de la grossesse (62). Par ailleurs; 4d'enfants accusent une surcharge martiale (ferritine entre 500-1000 ng/ml). A la lumiere de ces resultats; une supplementation systematique en fer devra instauree chez les femmes allaittantes et les femmes enceintes au deuxieme et au troisieme trimestre de la grossesse. Chez les enfants; elle ne pourra etre indiquee que sur la base d'investigations approfondies

Anémie nutritionnelle de la grossesse à Nouakchott

La grande majorité des transfusions enregistrées au Centre Hospitalier National (CHN) de Nouakchott sont pratiquées à la maternité avec une plus grande fréquence chez les femmes enceintes. Une étude réalisée chez111 femmes en consultation prénatale à la maternité du CHN et à celle de "Terre des Hommes", la première du genre en Mauritanie, révèle une forte prévalence de l'anémie gravidique à Nouakchott (53,1% avec un taux d'hémoglobine inférieur à 11g/dl, selon les critères définis par l'OMS). L'anémie touche particulièrement les femmes plus jeunes, d'âge inférieur à 25ans (60%). La prévalence est d'autant plus élevée que l'âge de la grossesse est plus avancé (39,1 ; 50 et 60,8% respectivement au premier, second et troisième trimestre).Le défaut de supplémentation martiale est, d'après cette étude, un déterminant majeur de l'anémie gravidique. Il apparaît indispensable d'envisager un programme de supplémentation systématique en fer à partir du second trimestre de la grossesse