ABSTRACT
Tranexamic acid (TXA) is a commonly used antifibrinolytic drug during surgical procedures to reduce blood loss. An Inadvertent intrathecal injection of TXAmay lead to serious side effects including seizures and ventricular fibrillation with reported fatalities. We report a case of an inadvertentintrathecal injection of TXAwhich occurred as a result of similarities in appearance between TXAand heavy bupivacaine ampoules. The patient had subarachnoid lavage after experiencing back pain, systemic hypertension followed by generalized tonic clonic seizures
Subject(s)
Humans , Injections, Spinal , Back Pain , Tranexamic Acid , Intracranial Pressure , Therapeutic IrrigationABSTRACT
Back pain affects people across any socio-economic category and is a leading cause of absenteeism and decreased productivity in the workplace. This symptomatic condition is caused by multiple factors, making it difficult to manage. With a small proportion of people experiencing back pain due to pathological reasons, in the larger majority, back pain is due to a mechanical cause. Taking a complete history that includes identifying risk factors such as depression, poor posture, lack of exercise, older age and a physically demanding job is crucial to the effective management of the condition. Behavioural, psychological and social factors of the patient should form the backbone for treatment of back pain. Non-pharmacological management such as exercise, spinal manipulation and acupuncture should be the first-line treatment; however, if this provides poor results then pharmacological measures such as the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) like ibuprofen or muscle relaxants such as cyclobenzaprine should be considered
Subject(s)
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal , Back Pain/diagnosis , Narcotics , Pain Management , South AfricaABSTRACT
Objectif : Determiner la prevalence des principales affections non traumatiques du rachis dorsal et identifier les principales causes des dorsalgies vues en milieu rhumatologique africain. Materiels et methode Etude retrospective transversale et descriptive menee au service de Rhumatologie du Chu de Cocody (Abidjan) sur une periode de 5 ans. Ont ete inclus les patients atteints d'affections non traumatiques du rachis dorsal. 67 patients repondaient a ces criteres. Une fiche d'enquete a permis de recueillir les donnees epidemiologiques; cliniques; paracliniques et diagnostiques. La recherche d'un lien entre des facteurs epidemiologiques et les etiologies a ete faite grace au test de Khi deux de Pearson. Le test etait significatif quand p etait strictement inferieur a 0;05. Resultats : La prevalence hospitaliere etait de 4;03 oit 67 parmi 1661 affections rachidiennes. Les femmes predominaient (60) avec une moyenne d'age de 46;1 ans. La pathologie inflammatoire (80;6) etait representee par le mal de pott (67;16); les tumeurs malignes (11;94) associant les metastases de cancers (7;44) et le myelome multiple (4;5) et enfin d'une pyomyosite paravertebrale (1;5). La pathologie mecanique (19;4) etait composee de la dorsarthrose (7;44); la hernie discale (1;5); la dorsalgie fonctionnelle (1;5); la maladie de Forestier (1;5); la scoliose (1;5) et l'osteoporose commune (5;96). Les infections et les tumeurs malignes etaient respectivement plus frequentes chez les sujets de moins de 40 ans (p=0;00) et ceux de plus de 40 ans (p=0;01). Conclusion : La pathologie non traumatique du rachis dorsal est rare en pratique rhumatologique a Abidjan. Elle est dominee par le mal de Pott
Subject(s)
Back Pain/diagnosis , Back Pain/epidemiology , Back Pain/etiology , RheumatologyABSTRACT
Objectif Determiner la prevalence des principales affections non traumatiques du rachis dorsal et identifier les principales causes des dorsalgies vues en milieu rhumatologique africain.Materiels et methode Etude retrospective transversale et descriptive menee au service de Rhumatologie du Chu de Cocody (Abidjan) sur une periode de 5 ans. Ont ete inclus les patients atteints d'affections non traumatiques du rachis dorsal. 67 patients repondaient a ces criteres. Une fiche d'enquete a permis de recueillir les donnees epidemiologiques; cliniques; paracliniques et diagnostiques. La recherche d'un lien entre des facteurs epidemiologiques et les etiologies a ete faite grace au test de Khi deux de Pearson. Le test etait significatif quand p etait strictement inferieur a 0;05.Resultats La prevalence hospitaliere etait de 4;03 soit 67 parmi 1661 affections rachidiennes. Les femmes predominaient (60) avec une moyenne d'age de 46;1 ans. La pathologie inflammatoire (80;6) etait representee par le mal de pott (67;16); les tumeurs malignes (11;94) associant les metastases de cancers (7;44) et le myelome multiple (4;5) et enfin d'une pyomyosite paravertebrale (1;5). La pathologie mecanique (19;4) etait composee de la dorsarthrose (7;44); la hernie discale (1;5); la dorsalgie fonctionnelle (1;5); la maladie de Forestier (1;5); la scoliose (1;5) et l'osteoporose commune (5;96). Les infections et les tumeurs malignes etaient respectivement plus frequentes chez les sujets de moins de 40 ans (p=0;00) et ceux de plus de 40 ans (p=0;01).ConclusionLa pathologie non traumatique du rachis dorsal est rare en pratique rhumatologique a Abidjan. Elle est dominee par le mal de Pott
Subject(s)
Back Pain/diagnosis , Back Pain/epidemiology , Back Pain/etiology , Spinal InjuriesABSTRACT
Dental health workers like other workers have occupation related health problems and hazards which include neck and low back pain. Previous studies have shown that the prevalence and location of pain may be influenced by posture and work habits and as well as demographic factors. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of neck and back problems among dentists and dental auxillaries in private and government dental hospitals in south western Nigeria. Structured self administered questionnaire was sent to dentist and dental auxillaries by randomly selecting 3 out of the 6 state capital from the southwestern Nigeria. Participants included those in private clinics; teaching hospitals and general hospitals. The questionnaire was composed of respondents biodata; questions about specific information on neck and back pain and routine practice posture while working at chairside. The total number of properly filled questionnaire was 210 with a male to female ratio of 1.04:1. Respondents included 147 dentists; 37 dental surgeon assistants (DSA); 14 dental therapists and 12 dental technologists. Prevalence of back and neck pain among the respondents was 88.1and 81.9respectively. Among the male respondents; the prevalence of back pain was 86.9and 89.3in female while for neck pain ; the prevalence was 83.2in male and 80.6in female. Within the different professional groups; the prevalence of back pain was highest among the DSA(89.2); closely followed by the dentists(88.4); then therapists(85.7) and least among the technologists(83.3). For neck pain; the prevalence was highest among therapists followed by technologists ; dentists and least among the DSA. More females missed work due to back and neck pain than males. There is therefore the need to address ergonomic issues and change the way dentistry is practiced
Subject(s)
Back Pain , Dental Auxiliaries/statistics & numerical data , Dentists , Neck Pain/epidemiology , Nigeria , Occupational Diseases/epidemiologyABSTRACT
L'enquete ethnobotanique menee entre Janvier et Avril 1994 en peripherie de la reserve de biosphere du Dja au Cameroun a permis de recenser 24 especes vegetales utilisees localement par les populations Badjoue; Bulu; Zime et pygmees Baka dans le traitement des maux de dos. Ces especes sont distribuees dans 24 genres et 17 familles. Les especes telles que Baillonella toxisperma; Piptadeniastrum africanum et Pterocarpus soyauxii largement citees dans le Dja sont egalement connues pour les memes usages dans d'autres regions du Cameroun ou dans d'autres pays africains
Subject(s)
Back , Back Pain , Ethnobotany , Plants, Medicinal , PterocarpusABSTRACT
BackgroundThe traditional treatment protocol for acute low back pain (ALBP) primarily used by healthcare professionals has in the past decade been strict bed rest; corsets; traction and `back schools'. However; current research has led to dramatic changes in the traditional treatment protocol. The literature suggests that the protocol should be replaced by parsimonious imaging; early return to normal activities and greater emphasis on exercise to prevent recurrences of ALBP and to treat chronic pain. The aim of this study was to investigate the guidelines prescribed by general practitioners (GPs) to patients with acute low back pain (ALBP) regarding `return to work'.MethodsA systematic sample of 212 GPs; selected from a list supplied by the Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA); was selected to complete questionnaires. The highest qualifications of the GPs were MBChB or MFamMed; and all of them practise in the Bloemfontein area.ResultsSixty-three respondents stated that 40of ALBP patients returned for follow-up consultations. Of the 63 respondents; eight GPs had not consulted ALBP patients in the preceding two years; and thus were excluded from the final number of respondents. Bed rest is still prescribed by 67.27of GPs and; although 47.27of the GPs were aware of the change in protocol; only 9prescribe `return to work'. A total of 18.18are aware of evidence-based guidelines and 10of the GPs prescribe these. Among the guidelines defined by the GPs are lifestyle changes; rest and stabilisation. Only 18.18of ALBP patients are referred to occupational therapy for treatment.ConclusionOnly 47.27of the GPs knew about the new ALBP protocol; and even fewer had any knowledge of the content of the new protocol. Also; the guidelines prescribed by the GPs concerning `return to work' were indefinite. The researchers hypothesised that the reasons for this were a lack of awareness of the change in the acute low back pain protocol suggested by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; as well as a lack of knowledge of the evidence-based guidelines suggested for their profession
Subject(s)
Back Pain , Clinical Protocols , Family , Guideline , Pharmaceutical Preparations , Physicians , PrescriptionsABSTRACT
In the course of an onchocerciasis survey in southern Malawi; body weight was recorded for 10;335 persons aged 20 years and older; and the body mass index was calculated for 5572. A history of symptomatic complaints was elicited from 5653 persons 20 years of age and older. Persons with microfilariae in the skin snips weighed significantly less than persons with negative skin snips. Symptomatic complaints of musculoskeletal pains; itching; dizziness and poor vision were reported more commonly in the group with microfilariae. These findings suggest that onchocerciasis should no longer be considered a disease affecting the eye and skin only but an infection which produces systemic effects as well. Systemic effects of onchocerciasis may lessen productivity of an endemic region by a process distinct from the effects of visual impairment
Subject(s)
Back Pain/parasitology , Body Mass Index , Dizziness , Joint Diseases , Onchocerciasis , Pruritus , Vision Disorders , Weight LossABSTRACT
This paper deals with a 10 months prospective study into the complaints of lower abdominal pains and backache during regular gynaecology clinic sessions at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka. The causes and certain contributing factors are outlined. Social and cultural factors influencing the perception and presentation of pain by the patients are also discussed and emphasized